From Chaos to Connection: Choosing the Right Ethernet Wiring Standard: A Detailed Look at Pinouts.

hi this is Jim Gibson with cablesupply.com thank you for joining me today very much appreciate it if you remember please subscribe and give me a thumbs up I'd very much appreciate it today we're going to be talking about color codes and we're going to talk about pin outs on an RJ45 and you got to get the pins right and if you're not right you're going to have some problems with them now to start out with uh I got a phone call what about two weeks ago that caused me to think that I needed to to do a video on this a guy was talking to me about pin outs and he's asking questions about them and things like that and I I was answering his questions and he said oh you know I don't follow the color code I got my own color code and he said what do you think of that and I said I think it's a bad idea and he said why I said because the the cable and and the and the uh the RJ45 Jacks and RJ stands for register Jack 45 is actually designed for certain purpose and you can get a cross talk if you don't pin it out right and if you don't you know follow the Integrity of the standard of the color code So today we're going to talk about the color code things like that we're going to talk about how it applies to the telephone industry now the first thing I want to talk about is what in the world is an RJ45 well this is an RJ45 okay has eight pins in there if I can get the focus there's those eight pins and when you put them on the wall by the way you put them on the wall so that the pins are up and the reason why you want those pins up is because the dust and the dirt comes down it's not going to affect the pins now the RJ45 plugs plug right into it right there just like that now this one's not going to plug in because it's not crimped down I don't think the other one is but this one will let's see let's give it a try because this is already crimped down there you go that's crimp down that's what it looks like that should be in the wall just like this you can also see there's writing on it so this is a what category five I can't see I'm hanging over the camera and I can't see what it's there it is cat5d so they come in different standards Cat5e Cat6 now but let's get back to the cable itself so you notice there's a cable here this is Cat6 cable and if you notice it has blue orange green and brown and that brown may not come out to cool when the camera looks like black actually to me but it's blue orange green and brown and they're all twisted and if you notice and this is some of the the things you should know if you're a cabler the twists here are different each twist is somewhere tighter some aren't as tight things like that and that's a disrupt the crosstalk between the pairs and of course in Cat6 and some other categories you're going to find one of these little Twisters here that separate the cable the separators and they keep the cables separated but they also twist now there's real neat reasons why there's multiple twists and why the twists in a certain way and why there's a separator and everything else and the reason for that is because you're passing over this electronics that pulsate kind of kind of pulsate whatever and it's sort of along the line means of antenna design and radio wave propagation and things like that where if you twist the cable the the the more likely the signal will stay on the cable but if you have cables running parallel to each other and they're completely straight it will go from one conductor to the other conductor so twists are important and but today we're going to talk about pin outs and we're going to talk about the color code we're going to talk about where it came from we're going to talk about different things like that so a little history of the color code and why it's important okay so you would think that the IEEE people would be the ones that set up the color code but it is not it is a telecommunications industry Association affectionately known as a TIA and also the electronics Industry Alliance eia those two organizations got together to define the standards for unshielded twisted pair is also for shielded twisted pair by the way but they always say UTP unshielded twisted pair color coding for wires and standard pin outs on the cables now you can go to their website it's www.tiaonline.org or www.eia.org and you can get some more detail if that's what you're interested in this is about the extent of my information where we're going to talk about today and it's about the most practical you could possibly be but having a little bit of background so you know why things are done certain ways now anytime you deal with um twisted pair cable you're going to it's always addressed as a pair not individual wires but when it comes to pinout they're going to talk about the individual wires obviously because you need to know what wire goes where on a cable so for those of you that are stressing out over this you can relax because it's right there on the side of the cables good cables I sell these cables this is what my I'm not I'm sorry Jacks RJ45 Jacks that's an RJ45 Jack and it shows the pin outs right there you know what color goes where there's a solid orange there's a white orange it goes right in between these two and it right there it lines up into the slots now this is an RJ45 where did the RJ45 come from well RJ comes from the word registered Jack from the phone company yes and in this particular case rj45s that are used now for a computer network cabling and you know CT was a closed circuit TV and other type of devices always had the same standard I always use RJ45 now the old telephone systems well they were rj11 and they used the center two pins which is called a pair one and they're going to be the blue white cables and they're gonna and they are polarity sensors the old telephone so you're gonna have to pay close attention to how you put these cables in if you're cabling an rj11 Jack now the interesting thing is you can take the mod plug of an rj11 and it will plug right into an RJ45 Jack so here's a mod plug this is what they call a modular plug it's shortened to mod plug this is an RJ45 that has eight pins there rj11 has two pins and sometimes four pins they don't if it's not a true rj11 it's only going to have two pins now what is rj11 used for old telephone systems it's going to be your fax machines it's going to be your answering machines and it's old telephone stuff and you may still see it in the world and it's called an rj11 but the neat thing is like I already said that you can plug these right in or rj11 I don't have an rj11 mod plug here because I don't really sell them anymore no one wants them but you can take a male rj11 and plug it right into an RJ45 and it will work it's really kind of interesting we're going to be talking about that but you also have something else going on you have two standards and the two standards are your t568a and your t568b now I always use the B standard the 568 B standard uh of pin outs and that's what we're going to be talking about today but the a pin out is not that hard to follow it's there it's acceptable it's it's professional it's used by people the only thing you've got to remember is that if you're going to Cable the Jack as an RJ I'm sorry an RJ45 Jack you're going to Cable it as a t568b okay if you're going to Cable it that way then the back of the patch panel when you get when you punch down your cables in the patch panel then they're going to have to be a b standard now this is a little bit getting ahead of ourselves but I'm going to show you the difference between the A's and the B's now here is a a professionally made patch cord and these things are great they're very inexpensive by the way so but some people want to know pin outs they want to make their own so if you look at it you notice that that orange okay cable right there on the left side of each one right right in there uh is orange now if you had a um an A on one side and a B on the other uh that cable would be green you would have a green cable there now if you see a cable that has orange here and on the other side of the patch cord it has green then you know you have something called a crossover cable and crossover cables were used often uh 10 15 years ago not as much today but crossover cables are used between like uh instruments so a computer to a computer so if you're plugging in the back of a computer from one place and you're just not even using a switch and you're going to plug it into the back of the computer uh you know across the table or something like that then you're going to need what's called a crossover cable and that that's the purpose is is that you have transmit Pairs and you have received pairs well you got to flip them okay because one computer is listening to the transmit side from the other computer and vice versa so it's always used in like devices uh to switch it no not switches let's see two routers things like that it's hardly ever used anymore but as a technician what I used to do is I'd have a crossover adapter so when I was working on networks and all this little adapter takes me from five 68b and to a 568 a and again I always use the B standard when I was cabling and the reason why you want to use the standard is because someone will come behind you and maybe it will be you or another technician from your company and they got to figure out how you cable things and if you're not following the standard you're going to have a couple problems you're going to have a lot of crossover issues you're going to have a lot of degraded uh Transmissions between equipment and you're going to make it a nightmare to troubleshoot so always use the standard it's not that hard so now that we talked about the 5 68 a and the 568b let's take a look at the Jacks themselves let's use a white one here it's easier to read if you notice it has an A and A B now again I always use the B cable the B side so it says pin one and two is the orange pin on the B standard so that's the same as what you got here you got the orange ones right going in here are going to be your B uh standard orange first so if you've got orange on the left side that's your B standard uh come on Focus there you go orange on the left side that's your B standard okay if it's green on the left side that's your a standard but it's right here on the jack so you don't have to remember every single code and they're not going to talk about pins they're just going to tell you where the colors are for a normal 568a or B just go on our website and we have a diagram where you can see what the rest of the color should be now why do you have an A and A B well it's primarily used for crossover cable but you can also cable either a or b as your standard when you cable buildings so when you're pulling the wire down the wall and you're going to terminate it on a jack you terminate it either a 568a or a 568b by custom most people use 568b but it doesn't matter A or B will work as long as both ends the Jack in the wall and the patch panel in your data room are both with the same standard either A or B and that's called straight through here is a straight through cable and the reason why you went straight through is usually plug in a computer at the wall and then you plug in a switch or a hub hopefully a switch rather than a hub back in the data room and the reason why you want it straight through is because PCS communicate using pins one and two to send information and they receive information on pins three and six a hub or a switch in the back sends information on pins three and six and they receive information on pins one and two so you want to make sure it's straight through to a switch because then a switch can communicate with your PC why would we need a crossover cable well crossover cable is used when you're connecting like devices together PC to PC you would need a crossover cable and the reason why well PCS sand on pins one and two and receive one three and six so if you had a cable that went directly from one PC to another both would be sending one pins one and two and would be listening to receive on pins three and six so if one end of your patch cord is an A and the other end is a b it's a crossover cable and what happens then is or the one PC that's transmitting on pins one and two on one end is going to be the same pair of cable that's connected to the mod plugs in position three and six and so they both can communicate to each other thus the word crossover the other like devices where you need crossover cables is when you connect two switches or hubs together that's when you're going to need a crossover cable just between two switches so like equipment needs crossover cables unlike equipment such as PC to switch or switch to routers need straight through pin outs now some of you who are Cisco technicians will wonder well I didn't use a crossover cable from my switch a to switch B and it worked fine and the reason why is some Cisco equipment has a logic that's built into it that when it recognizes a straight through and it needs a crossover it adjusts for that particular item or that particular style the other thing that you sometimes will hear is a rollover cable and it's the rollover cable is not a crossover cable and what happens in a roller over cable is you take the same pin out as you have here and you just roll it completely over this way and then stick it into a mod plug and in effect it would look like this with this little tab on this side and the only use that I'm aware of is for what's called a console cable used to program the Cisco equipment on 10 base T and 100 Base TX there's two pairs that are used so it's your pins one and two and three and six however on gigabit Ethernet all the pairs are used to send and receive so you have two pairs sending and two pairs receiving okay so just take a look at these at the end of this cable here and again this is called a network cable sometimes known as an IW and what we're going to do is we're going to start at the other end and we're going to strip it down and we're going to open up each of these Twisted Pairs and we're going to talk about a little bit about this type of cable so here is the end of the IW inside wire and we're going to talk about the pins now no matter unless you're you have a manufacturing site or something like that and you're actually have equipment that can handle um stranded cable this is what you use you use solid wire when you're cabling Jacks and when you're making your own patch cords so it all deals with the color code so we're going to go through the color code now but first we're going to strip this cable and I'm going to point out the color code to you so I use this little stripper now to me this is like the best stripper out there okay so I always start like here you run this around twice or whatever sometimes it does a little bit of walking on you so it becomes a pain in the neck to to make sure you cut down you can see the little walking there okay now just have it a little off uh what we're talking about if you look at these things and this is where I cut it there's a possibility that I nicked it using this device in fact there's probably using other devices such as wire cutters and all you definitely nicked it so what I do is I get this little cord here and I've heard people say well this is for strengthening of the cable um I don't believe so I believe it's it's for opening up the cable so I take my little cutter and I make a notch in there makes it easier to start this and then I pull it down give yourself some distance here also when you're cutting cable or when you're opening it up and then what I'm going to do is I'm going to go to where I trimmed it and I'm going to cut off that part so even if I Nick the cable it isn't going to affect it now this is perfect if I'm ready to Cable a jack okay I've only got to cut this off too this little extra sheathing here so I'm going to Cable a Jack this is perfect this is how you start it and everything else and of course you lay it down here in the middle and I'll do another video on how to punch down a jack using the color pin out code on the side of the Jack A and B remember we discussed that but in this case let's open it up let's get it in order just get things cleaned up and ready to go you notice right away that each of those cables have a Twist in it and if you look really close and I hope you can you're going to see that the twists like like the brown one right here has a tighter twist than the blue and that's very specific it's engineered a very specific way to limit crosstalk and some other interference that you might have on these type of cables so also in the center you have this divider and if you notice that divider twists also so the the cable sits within the divider and it has a Twist to it and so everything is being twisted and there's a reason for that there's there's some Physics involved and what's called radio wave propagation and antenna design and as long as you twist it or the tighter to twist at different frequencies the better it is to hold electrical signals onto the cable so there's a reason for this twist and the higher you go this is a six cat six category six cable so it's going to have really tight twists in here because of the frequency of the transmitting signal so it stops cross talk and some other issues that you may have so you want to cut that off now now the color code the way it goes with numbers when it comes to you know what pair does what and all that's what we're going to talk about right now then we're going to talk about pin out colors okay so remember when you're dealing with with cable if I can get this the cut um we're dealing with cables what we're dealing with is we're dealing with pairs but we got to open up those pairs so I'm taking that that the original sheathing here that she thing is doesn't do anything you know has two types of sheathing just to mention them one is um non-plenum and the other is plenum use plenum rate achieving in a in a special return ceiling where the plenum is used as a ducking system so I'm going to open these up so this is your pair one the blue this is your pair I'm going to put them in order here this is pair two I'm sorry say again this is pair two so you got pair one you got pair two you got pair three and you got a pair of four and that's what it looks like and so you untwist them and you saw the neat little way I did it I just slide it on there and I spin that in my hand and it opens it up nice and neat there and so the white always comes first so this is white blue and then blue and then you're going to have you're going to have on your orange one you're going to have white orange and then orange that's going to be pair two it's the same thing when you're punching it down to the back of the patch panel or you're you're punching it down onto a 66 block you're going to have the different pairs and you know you need to know what cable comes first and what cable comes second that's all dealing with the color code that most people don't deal with unless you're an installer um and uh I'm having a hard time because of that neck in there let's see if we can get this done so that that's how it goes now if you think the color code is from left to right and it starts with this no it's actually run by pairs but each pair always starts with the white one the white blue and in Blue uh the white yellow and then yellow I'm sorry not yellow orange and then you have green a white green and brown green let's take a look at the color code in particular to make sure you got it down and you know what pin gets what so when we're talking about the rj45s and pinning out of an RJ45 now some people have asked well what happens if I cable from the patch cord in the data room and then I take it out to a Jack and I cable it the Jack but both ends I cable with the B standard but I have patch cords that have the a standard now I can I use those yes you can as long as end to end is the same this being an end that being an end if they're different they're a crossover you can plug this into a this is a b uh patch cord uh a 568b if you plug this into something that was cable to 568 a it would still work and it would not be a crossover cable some people have difficult with that idea it's just each link has to be same at each end for it to be a straight through so it's the same thing with cabling a building your cable with a I have no idea why you would do that because the majority of people cabling is cabling with b and I know some people are going to send me some notices and tell me that they do it differently okay I don't care I'm just telling you how everybody I know that's in the industry cables it the 568b and that's what I've done for many many decades 568b come across the patch cord that's a 568a I don't know if they even make them be honest with you so you come across that patch cord uh yeah it can be used and it won't be a crossover because both ends of this segment are are either an a or the they're not a at one end and B at the other they're both um the same so if it's a at one end it has to be a at the other same thing with the cable and behind the wall if it's a at the jack it has to be a at the patch panel and throughout your system I would always stick with B 568b well I don't want to belabor the the uh the situation and so why don't we just leave it at this right now uh real quick I should have said this a couple times please please please subscribe if you like this type of information it's been any valuable to you it doesn't cost you anything to subscribe uh just describe and hit the like button and also comments if you have a better way to do this or you have other ideas or you've had problems in the past and you want to tell you know tell the rest of the the world about your problems and fantastic okay just you know write something to me and the messages one other thing if you're going to message me okay if you're gonna message me do not include your website do not include foul language uh you can disagree with me that's absolutely fine but I won't allow it to be posted if it has foul language or you're promoting a product now if you want to comment about the products I'm using absolutely please do but I'm going to automatically block you if you use this as an advertisement tool for something you're selling so I've had some weird ones too on that but thank you for watching appreciate it and I hope you have a wonderful day

Channel: CableSupply.com

Views: 1,716

Keywords: T568A, T568B, UTP Cabling Pinouts, 100base-TX, Cat5e, Cat6, Ethernet cabling, TIA/Eia, Standard ethernetCabling pinout, utp

Id: N-xYmfg8Tm0

Length: 28min 7sec (1687 seconds)

Published: Sun Jun 11 2023