Fermi Paradox: Where are they? A Debate with Fraser Cain Moderated by Skylias

this is event horizon on location with John Michael Cody a in today's special episode John is joined by publisher of Universe Today Fraser Cain where he debates the Fermi paradox the discussion is moderated by the one and only sky leus science communicator edutainer and twitch streamer welcome everyone to event horizon with me John Michael Gautier if you enjoy what you hear fall into the event horizon hit the like button and become an active subscriber by ringing the bell so the Fermi paradox is there life out there and what's the potential that we would find it the Fermi paradox started with a question by Enrico Fermi that the premise is that the galaxy is well old enough for life to have arisen older than us it had billions of years to do so if that's the case it really doesn't take all that long in geologic timescales to travel around the galaxy travel around the Milky Way you can do it in millions of years essentially so why hasn't anyone and that is the paradox that when we look we see no evidence of alien civilizations in the Milky Way and they serve we certainly have no other dance that they would be here so that's the premise why is it that there is no one else here now solutions to the Fermi paradox are numerous as of right now I know of 75 roughly just 75 just 75 so the energies range through a bunch of scenarios which we'll get into and I guess we could take a few the more prominent ones and yeah you have a few more physics sort of set the scene cuz I think like you the people watching right now and I mentioned this before must are already thinking of reasons why and and and I guarantee that every single one of the reasons that you think of are on that list of 75 and and I guarantee that I've got a you know that there is a very good answer to all or all of them so I mean it gets but it gets weirder than than what you said right like the universe is like here on earth earth is 4.5 billion years old the moment the earth cooled down to the point that life was able to thrive on Earth it did so we can see this continuous record of life on Earth the second life could have gotten going on earth it did the and and our earth in at 4.5 billion years old there's only a fraction of the age of the entire universe that that that that slice of time the universe has been hospitable to life almost right to the very beginning definitely 10 plus billion years we've missed the the most active star-forming time of the universe's history we're in the you know the party's over and it already was really exciting much earlier and so again it's like there are two trillion galaxies in the universe there's 100 to 400 billion stars in them in the Milky Way alone there could have and should have been so many opportunities for life to exist everywhere and the the challenges is that we don't see any life every thing that we've tried to do to be able to look out into the universe we're not able to see it and and you may say oh the the universe is too big people can't travel but but remember the implications right the numbers are so big right if they've even 1% of our Milky Way forms intelligent civilizations that is a hundred stars a hundred stars should have been people should have been traveling out from these hundred stars across the universe with two trillion you're looking at tens of thousands millions of potential civilizations moving from star to star and if they couldn't then we won't and that is the sort of the implication is that is that every reason that that you think of to say well maybe it's just too far and maybe they don't want to and maybe they go into a virtual world and maybe they travel to another dimension and maybe then the numbers are still so big that any one of them should have not done that and we should see their evidence somewhere and yet from what we can tell none of them have done it how about this one all civilizations invariably destroy themselves before they develop interstellar space that's what I was going to say you could counter to that but I'm not supposed to be have anybody say oh yeah I'm married I have no guys so that's the scary one right that's the one that's the great filter that's this idea that that there is some event that has stopped every single civilization from being able to make this journey and and what again when you think about the implications if it is stopped 1 million advanced civilizations in our observable university of doing this what are the chances that we can stop it like maybe they have more on what are some ideas what like for the great filter they you find really compelling well I think my particular view on this is that the Fermi paradox only applies to civilizations alien civilizations I don't apply the alien life because I have a sneaking suspicion that our universe is a largely microbial one and the writings with microbial life mm-hmm but there's a problem and it's it's it's early in the Earth's history life arose as you said and in fact there's some papers out there that are pushing that date back further further even into the late heavy bombardment yeah that would seem to say that the chemistry that gets life going is pretty straightforward yeah and that will eventually figure it out in the labs and we'll know and we can say this is hard or it's easy yeah and if it's easy then life is probably everywhere but their life's at doing nothing for I believe yeah there was enough life was very simple for billions of years then we get the jump from prokaryotic to eukaryotic life and that starts them so to me that leap seems conspicuous you know and in fact you can trace all of the multicellular life here on earth back to one common ancestor that's right that only happened once only once and we have yeah we haven't seen it repeat right so that to me seems like a pretty good great filter that life tends to get stuck like in microbial state and for a good good portion of time yeah or maybe permanently maybe because you do require one organism basically absorb another and you know and not kill it yeah yeah that's it so it's not destroying it it's a little bit it's a little bit interesting but since it did happen it shows that it's possible so it may happen every 10,000 times maybe bleep happens right or the leap path will happen somewhere in the far future just hasn't yet and then eventually you have this explosion of intelligence in the universe work you know as time goes on that's my suspicion as that's the big filter but I actually don't mind that because it still creates a universe where it's teeming with life and it intelligence occasionally occurs yeah may not interact with each other yeah and there you have it that it's just simply a lot more complicated to have what we have than what was previously thought yeah I mean I would tend I would tend to agree with you that that the like the fact that life got going as quickly as it did that that literally the moment the conditions on earth were safe enough for life to exist the life got going and you know there's this idea of panspermia that maybe life came from Mars or maybe life came from another solar system out there and that's interesting and there's compelling evidence that this is possible but it only pushes the question back so it just says well then how did life get going on Mars well how do left get going on Venus how did life get going on Alpha Centauri before the asteroids carried the microbes through the vast inter cosmos reaches to be able to arrive here right and and so still I mean I I hope you're right I hope you're right that the great filter is the jump from single cellular to multicellular because because the other option and we should talk about that is that it came that it's our future that the thing that white that stopped all civilizations from exploring the cosmos was something else happened to them there's a yet and you know that that's the other thing is that we have an obvious problem with this world we affect it profoundly and we pump its atmosphere with CFCs and then we see the effect and then we stop and we stopped in time but what if we hadn't stopped and we just fought about it and it became a political hot potato it's just familiar ah yeah yeah I'm alluding to of course anthropogenic climate change in which I'm gonna everybody's gonna go after me on that what I'm sure come on yeah come on send the emails to me yes I'm afraid yeah since the point is since we do that other alien civilizations in order to do it we do probably go through that stage where they use maybe fossil fuels or whatever I would assume it would be fossil fuels then they would then also go through the same climate change and if that's an extinction level threat then it simply is something that happens over and over and over in that that you know you eventually you just can't get to a technology that's clean enough to save your own planet right always you know there may not be enough energy deposit like the the fact that we can burn dinosaurs and drive around right is is wonderful and it is it has been the thing that has moved our civilization to the stage that is that you know nothing is as energy dances as dead dinosaurs or phytoplankton or whatever but and so there's yeah this idea right if we wreck it and then this and then the octopuses take over they're not gonna be able to have dinosaurs to burn because we burn them all up so they're not gonna be able to go to space they're got to wait for the for their vert you know we have to wait several hundred million years for the next generation of forests and phytoplankton to create a new layer of coal and oil for whatever the slugmonsters to try and be able to colonize space and you know that in itself is kind of an interesting thing because if life is rare in the universe geologically speaking crude oil is one of the rarest some substances you could possibly ever have yeah yeah this is the rarest of all carbons yeah because it's it's produced by life but I actually I find that our pretty weak because there's two reasons one is we can we can predict it so in other words the fact that we're having this conversation today and if we really wanted to we could we could stop the climate change we could stop pumping out the carbon into the atmosphere we could do a Manhattan Project level effort to try and get that under control and we could avoid it to some degree and even if we don't get it done quickly it's not gonna wipe out all of the civilization it's gonna it's gonna it's gonna hammer human civilization hard but it's not gonna wipe out all life on on earth it's not going to wipe out intelligent civilization the kinds of of great filter events are more sort of existential in nature the ones you can't predict the ones that come out of nowhere 100% of the time and wipe out any civilization that reaches that level I imagine you know whatever doing some kind of exotic physics experiment or berserkers yeah well that's that's that see that's another valid solution at the Fermi paradox is that just a 74 yeah well yes this is this is what this has a number somewhere yeah the the idea is that I mean when you look at other galaxies and you start searching for civilizations you don't really have a lot of a chances to see them unless they've done something amazing like started arranging stars or you know doing you know but that's in our future that's in our future ya know no one appears to it but no one's done it and that's like the best evidence you would possibly see and you know what he's done it so to set that aside and say we just can't detect for sure life in other galaxies it's just not easy to do we're looking only in the Milky Way if there is one civilization in the Milky Way say it's a machine civilization they've uploaded themselves billions of years ago and they decide that all biology that is an interstellar capable is a threat and it just simply destroys them it hides and then destroys them when you get they get to that stage could be you know yeah and that this is just the first civilization out there that's very quiet very low-key and it's like a Viper yes you as soon as you start to leave your solar system yeah and is it is an absolute race and the first group it is you said you know some machine civilization that puts probes across the the Milky Way and just waits for anyone to demonstrate any ability to fly to space and then they blow up their star and you could do this simply by stationing of online and type probe in in the star system where you have a planet like Earth yeah and as soon as they get to a certain level technology EMP them back into the Stone Age yeah or blow at the star or you cause a super flare off the star exactly right and you cannot ever really is a needle in a haystack finding a probe the size of the building in the solar system is not yeah it could be some that that's something that we may never be able to do it unless you rely on radar in local yes because the solar system is so large and so when I think about those other options for the great filter you know you think about asteroid strikes you think about worldwide pathogens those seem like they're not existential they're not they're not gonna wipe out our civilization and yet we and then when you think about the things that could like say AI some kind of artificial intelligence we don't see evidence of the artificial intelligence the artificial intelligence would do is dominate the entire galaxy and yet we don't see any evidence of them and so it's like we know that won't happen or that hasn't happened because we don't see them converting the earth and the and the planets into computron IAM which right you would expect to see if a machine civilization has really put their you know they're really putting their back into you do you think that that would we'd be assuming that that would be their intention however we do you what do you think well there's definitely way to hear yours but okay they could also be Borg like in a simulator right and that all all you everybody ends up in the Galactic computer when they would get to a certain stage and it's best not to talk to species that haven't reached a certain arbitrary level that they want and that just keep quiet and then they live in you know for actual reality in a glass paradise and it's a Star Trek world in there where everybody's you know interacting that's them I mean that's the Mass Effect you play the massive folk games that's the that's the gist of that with you know the I don't want to spoiler alert but I find the Reapers show up and and they take all of the wonderful new genetic and intelligent diversity that's flowered in the universe after its last reaping and then they absorb it all and then they wait another ten thousand years and they come back or that and they you know come back for round two and and that's absolutely a compelling and terrifying thought but but whenever you come up with a maybe Vey right and I think whenever you say maybe they maybe they do maybe they don't maybe they can maybe they can you have to then say they must all like that's the key is that the numbers are so big you're looking at a ten thousand a million civilizations out there potentially and so one might go you know we wanted to go and live in a virtual reality world one might say oh we we wrecked our planet because we you know produce too much carbon dioxide right then we were really stupid and we're really gonna regret doing that is the temperature spike around the world but you need to come up with something that works 100% of the time that is inevitable that is unavoidable that's unpredictable what are those I got again if you come up with one then it can't be it huh well wait for it true because then some would've thought enzyme motor tried to prevent it right well no I could think of one maybe that might you sure ask that because we don't know the answer to colonizing Mars is all you know whatever whenever you go to a planet that was once similar years which is the natural one to choose to colonize something about that planet causes the extinction of your species then if here's how this can happen may be able to happen I'm skeptical on this one I got to preface this first this is not my theory this comes from a paper okay don't be mean to John please yes I'm don't shoot the messenger but I do like it because it's it's frightening yeah that's my favorite kind of yeah existential threats so you have a planet like Mars that was once earth light had liquid water and could have spawned life say it did on earth life wasn't the only thing that arose so did viruses and viruses are very complicated things that can only very selectively infect you know they're very super complicated but the idea is that as a planet like Mars dies the virus is evolved to attack any cell that they can hmm in which case you'd have a generalized virus that can slave wipe a planet of all life right when some point when the virus realizes that that we're in the end times and the only thing we can do is is take everything right and that is terror if it generalizes which means that you can go to Mars your astronauts go there and there's a virus of air that can already infect macro fauna of any type so long as it's carbon-based life and it will once you bring it back to your home world it won't just kill you it will kill everything the idea that water could potentially destroy us yes right and so the thought is that there are these new on if you're watching yeah yeah paper but right so these are the idea that there are these planet bombs out there which are which died and they die as they got to a point that the viruses kicked into overdrive then if you don't I mean the only problem may be is that virus that's already at our fairly short lived here on earth they I know they're very fragile they are um well bacteria can you know that's one of the reasons why I don't really think this one's too viable is yeah those viruses they they really are very very specific things and they're yeah they're just not I mean yeah so well a question I have with this and I'm curious to hear both of your points on it is what if we don't know what we're looking for we think we have these ideas like these concepts of what you know intelligent life would be and what to look for obviously bio signatures would be huge yeah um but thinking of things like ourselves or I mean we had a wonderful person suggest what if it is just a cloud you know and yeah very ominous but all-knowing you know you know being that we don't know really quite how to detect such life in such an error if you if you trying to send it into a nanotechnological loud yeah you would look like a fog bank right right so I mean I think the argument against that what I mean the base argument it's just the fact that that the universe and it's basics right is energy that is coming off of stars that that any that is the only energy that we know of right and then there is the raw material the raw matter building blocks the hydrogen helium the carbon and the same chemistry that we're made of we look out into space and we see that exact same chemistry across the universe so at the end of the day all life-forms in the entire universe will be essentially competing over the energy from the Stars and geothermal and whatever but essentially energy from the stars and the raw materials of the matter to build things with the protons and the neutrons and RS and the the assumption that you have to work with is that that is going to be the one that is the resources that we will be battling over and so when you when we look out into space we expect when we sort of imagine what our future looks like is a civilization we're gonna continue to use more energy we're eventually going to want to start harvesting energy directly from our star in the form of solar panels eventually we will just enclose our entire star in Dyson Sphere because that's the best way to gather up the energy will dismantle world for their building materials we will and we or our AI overlords will optimize the resources in the solar system to the best of their ability and then they will move on to Alpha Centauri and then they'll move on to Proxima Centauri and then they'll move on to to every single star and then they will arrange the stars in the it is the most optimal way to gather the most amount of energy and make the most amount of raw materials available to them and the thing is is that is something that we should be able to see right we could see a galaxy that some futuristic civilization has rearranged the Stars into a shape like a ball or or they right they've also there's also the idea of the red spirals where they've kicked out all the dangerous stars in their galaxy and as a result it it Redden's yeah I mean and that that that a a Dyson Sphere you know if you enclosed a Dyson Sphere in solar panels it would be giving off a very different radiation profile than a regular star it would be giving off this glow in the infrared as they were pumping dumping the heat that they the waste heat out into space and there's no way to hide that right right the way if you're trying to hide that waste heat you just turn your dyson sphere into an oven and eventually the laws of thermodynamics take over and so we couldn't see it's a very very it's a very obvious heat signature that we would see astronomers have done surveys and they haven't been able to find them and and so some really futuristic civilization that had moved all the stars into some perfect sphere or this red spiral and kicked out all these other stars we should see evidence we should see all the galaxies we look out into space they should all be these weird optimized galaxies where the civilizations have an optimizing we should see the wave where those those computer civil available those AI civilizations are coming our way and we see what they've already optimized and what they haven't optimized and we don't see that we see wilderness we see we see raw wilderness in all directions and do you do you guys both believe or your takes on do we have the technology to actually detect to take on this endeavor really surveys have already been done totally yeah well I mean so you have the ones right but I mean like even to go further outside of our own our own neighborhood our own galaxy do it do the technology to detect them or do we have the technology to do this to do this to to be able to see some of the ideas that you guys pose like moving the stars right so look well further into those yes we're talking distance yes we do but in certain cases for example if a civilization was a like a car - f-type 3 super civilization and they had taken their entire galaxy encased everything in Dyson spheres we would see that as an invisible galaxy in every frequency except infrared yeah and that would look pretty odd and all sky surveys up in infrared up and Dawn's yeah and they've been done for a long time so no they we can do it and when they do things like that now if they're much more subtle it's a lot harder to detect it and what about the problem of time well that's the other thing is you're really kind of you're sort of limited to your local Group of galaxies because the further out you go you're looking back into a time that there probably wasn't even enough time for life to have development yeah yeah and become intelligent yeah I mean that radius would be I guess but I mean Andromeda is two and a half million you know roll to see two and half million years ago and see your own Andromeda yeah yeah and so we think about when life first formed will be looking out or four billion years you know that we're looking like a third of the way through the light of the universe and so would you pose that any life would be valuable to that's another one that is one that I'm curious to hear your point on and you're going to what would be worth looking at if you were one of these higher would it be worth looking at humans are everybody or even that's right crow be oh yeah so it depends on whether they're curious or they're reined up you know so if you look at it from that the Berserker standpoint they're looking for potential threats right and so they would be analyzing the state of the various stars because you you don't want to but you want the the theater the Sun has only so much energy and the the planets have only so many raw resources so you don't want to wreck that you want to try and keep them as pristine and environment as possible until you get your hands on it and actually start to get to work with it right just why you send the Berserker probes to wait and observe and if anyone starts to create a star fearing civilization you wipe them out and and keep that place pristine so so it would be worth it from that perspective to keep an eye on what's going on and then if but it but let's say they're curious like we are then then just to know to understand scientifically what's happened in the universe that would be interesting to them so I think that there's there's tons of value to under any civilization to look outward yeah honest question though do you think we're curious are we curious yeah I know we are yeah yeah yeah the human race is having be by by default humanity is very curious by default I would agree yeah and I don't think you would disagree with that word right do you think that sometimes the ego can take over such curiosity - I mean like to want to look for things that are like us or just you know if we were ever having these Berserker probes and that how we would actually approach them what I'm thinking is is if we have these advanced civilizations that are far above where we're at and we're detecting these or looking for these or they're looking for us I want to know what would make us worth the pit stop well if if life in the universe intelligent life in the universe is rare then it may be seen by another civilization us as being a very precious thing mm-hmm and that planets are that that spawn civil is that you know civilizations are are very very rare and that says something they want you know they want to keep us you said pristine and that we're just simply in a period where they're letting us develop yeah and eventually they'll contact us and essentially uplift our civilization and that would be nice it would be very nice yeah but that would be perfect would that be great but you're talking - yeah so yeah I have to throw in wrenches yeah it could also be that they just simply keep us at this level or they say they need to be downshifted mm-hmm and they need to be made stupider yeah so they come in they show up one day and they genetically modify everybody to be no not no longer capable of being a spacefaring civilization then we go back in evolution right and all of a sudden it's we're about australopithecines again right and then they just let the cycle happen over and over and they visit every so often but the but I guess the point is like that's again thinking about this sort of monolithic point of view about that right that you're saying well they but it's not that they it there was ten thousand civilizations each one has their own opinion and one of them wants to downshift one of them wants to uplift us one of them wants to turn us into paperclips and it becomes absolutely right yeah these civilizations of the Milky Way took a vote on the humans yeah and the humans lost yeah the humans lost like like like we can't agree at that level why would why would alien races across the universe agree at that level right right so I think that and so again whenever you get these arguments I just didn't whenever someone says they they must want to do this that's like saying here on earth right humans must want to do this like humans want to do all kinds of weird different things and that there's no monolithic answer for what humans want to do right you know and this is scary because that leads that leads it to where the humans were destroyed when an intergalactic war between aliens broke out over what to do about the humans yeah yeah so what do you could actually find that satisfying by the way good way to go yeah have you okay that yeah but I mean do you think that we hold ourselves back as far as going between planets other places in our solar system or without the Centauri system vultures well sure I mean yeah I mean we build military weapons we you know we spend whatever half a billion to a trillion dollars of year on ways to kill each other imagine if we spent that money but but I mean humans have been human since humanity began and that's what we do right but at the same time there are rockets that land it Kennedy Space Center there are there are spacecraft orbiting planet there are telescopes orbiting Mars there's Rovers on the surface of Mars like like things are happening things will keep going it may take us longer than we expect and yet it might you know you know there's there's there's something satisfying in this because if you would have if we if we would have rolled back the clock to 2001 I would have said I will never see anyone land on Mars in my lifetime because no one's gonna no one is doing anything NASA was stagnant way up and while robotic exploration the solar system was occurring and doing very nicely that's one thing that NASA does very well they don't really do so well on on you know getting everybody together and launching a rocket and even now the SLS is that we should have had that rocket in 1985 yeah it's not really irrelevant rocket today I mean I'm sure will launch a few of them but for what it cost it's you know but I'll bet you if you look at me it's no it's changed it has changed but if you look at an exponential curve a lot of technologies locked into place especially computers so I think a lot of those things were almost inevitable right was he was healing maaske was gonna be Jeff Bezos Jeff Bezos was excited about space exploration as he'll on musk lays that there was a paradigm shift because now the technology was there to where you great tilde rocket land but the thing is is that you know you have sort of like with with anything government you've got a phenomenon where you know rocket company the contractor like Lockheed Martin or you know there's no real reason to make a rocket that can land itself when the way it's set up there's just no incentive for them to do that they get paid by the government but but but I but innovation approaches the laws of nature right so if you're going to attempt to prevent if you're gonna make a rocket that doesn't even though the rocket equation permits it then someone is eventually going to figure it out right right and so you've seen it with computers like whenever someone is willing to follow the laws of nature to their inevitable conclusion then those are the technologies that are possible you can't make a perpetual motion machine but you can make a rocket that lands on its on it on its landing on its launch pad so and so and these are all bumps in the road along the technological progress you can look at the scale of energy usage on planet earth by humanity and it is this smooth exponential curve going up and up and up hey even though it was it was human power and the power fire power steam engines oil gas renewable all of these is just a smooth transition because that's that's us approaching what nature can provide right that at the heart of it right so then where do we stand right I mean I think that we've talked a bit about the Fermi paradox in my hope bill it was actually an ask real quick you're both for your opinions on the Drake Equation because I know that was mentioned in the twitch chat which I can't read from this distance but I think the Drake Equation was an interesting idea when when he formulated it but I think it is forever and exercise and banging your head against a brick wall because you can't plug in enough numbers to ever find anything that mean meaningful out yep yeah great I haven't percent agree yeah yeah it's I mean it's it it is it is provides no value to answering this question right it helps you identify what you think are variables that could be plugged into it and we and those are all exciting things to look at but it doesn't tell us any way shape or form how many aliens there are in the university right back to this idea because they should they could and should move and we should see evidence of them everywhere and we don't and so with the potential of an infinite universe how would you handle something like right so we so we had this conversation but you know John I were talking about how we're gonna have this conversation and he's like I got I got a killer argument for you and he did and I caved so wait wait wait wait we're gonna back that up to go on infinite universe okay what's the cost well we do not know how big the universe is all we know is what we can observe so there's we see with the observable universe as far as we can see 13.8 billion years that's all we got oh we got but that does not mean the universe doesn't continue on outside of that bubble and there's a possibility fairly strong possibility that it's actually infinite in an infinite universe not only would you have the possibility of alien civilizations you have the possibility of running into another earth where there's yeah where there's a Fraser Cain and the Jim G and a Scylla is sitting here having the same conversation the only difference is that I having a Manhattan yeah it Fraser has hair yeah what I don't and sort of the way to kind of watch easily go with this argument right is that you imagine a cubic meter of space just space itself the according you know when you think about the number of Paul various essentially states that can be in that cubic meter of space there's like 10 to the power of 80 all of the particles that are possible in that cubic meter that all their different configurations all the different energy states there is actually a finite number of possible states in a cubic meter of space right and so if you go in any direction for an infinite amount of time you will eventually run into a copy of a cubic meter of space because 10 to the power of 80 even though it's an enormous number right it is a finite number and finite is smaller an infinite number of finite numbers go into an infinite number and so and so you will run into a copy of just some cube of space like right down to the particle level and then you'll run into another one and then you run into another one and you run into if you were in two copies of every single possible configuration that is possible mm-hm an infinite number of times and so eventually you'll get to a place ik you know you'll find a cubic meter that's kind of like you know this table and then you'll find a cumulus or a square I keep a kilometer that's kind of like you know Palm Springs and you'll get a cubic 10,000 cubic kilometers kind of like the earth and eventually you will have perfect copies of entire of the Milky Way out there in space an infinite number of them and then I absolutely 100% seed the ground to you there will be an infinite amount of life in the universe and therefore I am going to end this on an even more terrifying sci-fi possibility regarding this and this is this is the worst one this is the worst I've thought of so in an infinite universe that's dying as it's moving towards that and eventually it becomes just a cinder universe a black you know a place of blackness infinite blackness then you run into something called a Boltzmann brain mm-hmm where if you wait long enough a gigantic supercomputer will appear out of nowhere out of random noise and be conscious right so this this idea that that there are you know this Cup sits here on this table probably it's a probability distribution that all the particles here are here but there's also a probability that all of these particles could be an Alpha Centauri the chance is incredibly low but if you wait an infinite amount of time then it will absolutely happen that the particles that are currently here will reform they will not happen to be here they'll be they'll happen to be in a very unlikely place and this is I mean this is absolutely proven by quantum mechanics this kind of thing happens all the time at the particle level and it you know it just doesn't happen at the cup level and at the planet level and at the supercomputer level but if you wait an infinite amount of times you wait long enough you wait long enough you will get a right way conscious thinking gigantic supercomputer appears in the distant universe and looks at the blackness and it says I need something to do so it says I am going to make a simulation of the universe and inside of it I'm going to put one planet pull a bunch of people and experience what they experience while they try to figure out if there's anyone else out there nice you monster yeah I so said watch that movie wait I might live that movie Yeah right on all right thanks guys yeah you have one new message hey John are you with us he came [Applause] what why is my engineer telling me the car was being towed where's my LeBaron Anna hello John welcome back yeah thanks where is the car it's moved on to better things wait was Schrodinger's possum still in the car he's always angry I wasn't gonna go in there to remove him he either was or was not in the car John I guess they'll find out through observation what my car back Ana incidentally how much did you get for it four dollars John so we got the old possum removed for four dollars if you ask me that's good v fm well you do have a point I don't under have a quantum-mechanical possum in my garage or a quantum mechanical failure on that note joining me next week will be Duncan Corrigan where we will be discussing astrobiology and astronomy in general see you 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Channel: Event Horizon

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Keywords: Fermi Paradox: Where are they?, Where are they?, Fermi Paradox, Fermi paradox theories, aliens, where are the alien civilizations in the galaxy?, Fermi paradox theory, Where are the extraterrestrials?, alien, ufo, event horizon john michael godier, Fraser Cain, skylias, universe, galaxy, science, space, Drake Equation, seti, debate, astro tours, panel, unscripted, are humans alone?

Id: LIXRukqnf6I

Length: 40min 20sec (2420 seconds)

Published: Thu Jul 04 2019