Euchromatin and hetero chromatin - structure and difference

welcome back guys in this video we'll be talking about heterochromatin and euchromatin in details so what are heterochromatin is in order what are you chromatin so let's talk about it heterochromatin is and you chromatids first things you should know about both this terms that they are chroma a team they are not we are not talking about exactly chromosomes we are talking about further breakdown structure of chromosomes that are chromatin right so if we look at chromatin here chromatin means DNA plus proteins protein mean histone right histone and DNA combined together is called as chromatin this is the first thing you should know except for that the second thing you should know is the email the picture if I draw it the drawing of transmission electron microscopy you will see something like this like this and you'll also see certain things like like this so this is a kind of drawing I try to draw logically this is the nucleus of a cell and if you look at it this outside section is the nuclear envelope and I have seen nuclear envelope this is the nuclear envelope and if you look at here in this nuclear envelope inside all these sections that we see here all these regions the dark regions that you'll see if I if I stain them with this color this is the dark regions so after the staining or let's say we without a transmission we just do the light microscopy also you see after the dark staining you'll see something like this and some some of the darker regions in middle scattered very few but most of it surrounding so this dark section that we see here this is called hetero chromatin and this light regions are called u chromatin in this image now why this heterochromatin is darker stained why u chromatin slightly stained to answer this heterochromatin is tightly packed this is very very tightly packed u chromatin is lightly packed u chromatin lightly packed heterochromatin very very tightly packed now heterochromatin is a very compact structures and those structures are wrapped around histones and all these things they are less functional they don't function they're not open the DNA that is present in this traumatic region is not that much open for the transcription replication processes while you chrome adding is the active portion of chromatin active portion of the chromos which functions properly produces mrna and do the replication stuff now if you look at here this heterochromatin this is divided in two different sections one is constitutive heterochromatin another one is facultative heterochromatin the constitutive heterochromatin means this heterochromatin most of this constitutive section of heterochromatin they do a very much important role of structural feature like the centromere the telomere of the chromosome are majorly formed by this constitutive heterochromatin section they form the centromere telomere and as they form the centromere and telomere the gene sequences that are present right beside this fact this constitutive heterochromatin kind of changes so this constitutive heterochromatin actually actually controls the expression of certain genes that are present just beside this on the other hand facultative heterochromatin are those heterochromatin which are completely worthless I mean functionless why because those heterochromatin is they are mostly silenced by histone deacetylation or methylation or any other events they're silenced they are no longer functional they're completely silenced they are not giving any structural role like centromere a telomere stuff they are completely functionless this is the idea if you look at here and these heterochromatic sar found surrounding the nuclear envelope surrounding the nucleus outside in the middle we have the light colored stain that is the euchromatic you chromatin is functional this is active and what does you chromatin do they have all those different things they have all those process of their open the DNA euchromatic regions are open they are not turned they are not quiet with histones their histones are taken away they are now free for the transcription for the for the future stages for the gene replication well faculty favorite recruitment is some of them are also attached with histones now it depends in a Cell which part of the chromatin is going to be you which part is going to be hetero it depends on the control right but also sometimes the section which is placed present as a facultative heterochromatin sometimes it can turn it back and can be functional and that is under a tight regulation let's call it genetic regulation with the help of the histone chemical modification like modification like asset elation if the histone acetylation take place in the n-terminal tail in this facultative heterochromatin region that hitter chromatin can be uncoil that gimmick and beyond coiled from the stone and that DNA can be accessible for the transcription right nothing may result but actually this process works like this you comedy is a completely functional active site header chromatin is non-functional region so this is about the heterochromatin and you chromatin I think you understand the process hit the like button subscribe because to get more videos you need to subscribe to get notifications from my channel and say and other thing is that you need to share it a lot because sharing is very important have it I am sharing this so you should share at least you do not need to record a video just need to hit a button that's it so do it thank you

Channel: Shomu's Biology

Views: 219,043

Keywords: Heterochromatin and euchromatin, heterochromatin, euchromatin, Euchromatin and heterochromatin, chrchromosome, facaltative heterochromatin, gene expression, Cell Biology (Field Of Study), nucleosome, dna, Euchromatin and hetero chromatin - structure and difference, Chromatin

Id: v8CzEg-SiqM

Length: 7min 13sec (433 seconds)

Published: Mon Jun 01 2015