[Music] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Music] [Music] all right good evening everybody let's make sure my microphone oh it's my microphone not working again let's see here oh no it looks like it is working okay good I looked at the wrong one hey everyone happy Tuesday hope everyone's doing all right tonight we are covering encore section 1.3 tonight - really it's all about cloud and on-premise so for anybody who's really just kind of I don't know most everybody at this point is probably heard of the cloud whatever that is and Cisco does expect us to know a little bit about what this cloud is if we're gonna go take the Encore exam so we're gonna dive into that first all up let's pull up our agenda and see what we're up to tonight so really what we're up to is just going to we're gonna start off by describing what exactly we're deploying into the cloud and how that looks like if we don't deploy it into the cloud and then we'll talk about different cloud models so the services models you know whether it's a an eye as deployment or a software-as-a-service deployment and then we're going to go into the different deployment methodologies for example public cloud versus private cloud versus hybrid cloud so we've got a lot of different cloud technologies that we need to understand if we're gonna go take the cisco ccnp encore exam so well with that with that said I do need to make a couple of quick announcements first of all for those who missed it today Cisco did announce something pretty big which is I guess two things first of all all active certifications every single act of certification out there has been extended by six months the deadline recertification date so if you had a certification that was going to be expired in I don't know next month April let's say you've been given six more months because I don't know if anybody's noticed but right now it's pretty hard to go take an exam everything is shut down and so cisco wants to make sure that we're capable of you know I'm at this point we don't know when everything's gonna be open back up but they want to make sure that everybody has enough time in order to reserve their exams so that affects me personally all of my certs were up for refresh in October so that gives me an extra six months so now I'm more than a year out so that's always nice to have a little bit of extra breathing room on your certifications so you know chime in to the chat if you have any questions about that the second part of that announcement which is sort of interesting it's not really an announcement at this point but they did say in that release that they're working diligently on online testing methodologies so there's obviously I mean I can't even imagine all that's going to have to go into the idea of taking online tests because I mean if I'm taking my online test on this screen I could have my CCNP book up on that screen or I could at least have Google if nothing else to Google answers and so they're going to have to completely rethink this now fortunately they don't have to invent this wheel you know online tests have been in development for a long time so it's just about embracing the right technology embracing the right partners and making sure that they go about doing it the right way but I do expect probably in the next couple of months that we're going to hear some kind of announcement from Cisco just as far as taking online tests and I don't have an inside track I'm not saying that because you know my brother works at Cisco or whatever I don't have any connections I just know that Cisco's looking at that as number one lost revenue I mean people paying I don't even know how much how many dollars they're pulling in a day on people taking exams and they're missing that right now but you know maybe a little more altruistic alee they want to make sure that everyone's able to go after their certifications because right now if nobody is able to go get certs you know a lot of lose a lot of people on the lurch especially people who are in the middle of studying I know my brother-in-law is in the middle of studying for a CCIE right now and a lot of his plans are in limbo unfortunately because of this whole virus deal so that's announcement number one the second announcement that I need to make is this will be my last stream on Twitch so I am embracing the CBT Nuggets all of our trainers are really focusing on YouTube live and the general marketing push from CBT has been to get onto YouTube live so this will be my last week on twitch the schedule if you look below me here on my channel you'll see that the schedule is only updated until tonight and so we are going to you know go through this and and and tackle cloud versus on Prem and then hopefully within the next few weeks I'll figure out what exactly YouTube life is going to look like and my goal is by the first week of May to be back online with these regular streams and we'll just kind of keep picking it up and where we left off so the the plan is to focus on on core I know a lot of you out there have already passed your CCNA s you just be ready for that next level and so we're gonna definitely tackle that on this channel just won't be twitch anymore it'll be YouTube live okay so um announcements are out of the way I wasn't even on the agenda but I needed to make sure that that was said so let's just go ahead and dive into yeah there we go let's go and dive into our conversation on cloud so first and foremost let me pull this up what in the world are we storing in the cloud what are we worried like what is this concept of cloud versus on-prem even really driving at well the first thing that we're driving at is the fact that we need to be storing our applications in our data somewhere so in today's modern network we typically have something called a data center a lot of us have heard of this potentially if nothing else because cisco makes data center products for example here all right cisco so cisco has their Nexus line of switches cisco has their UCS line of servers they have hyper flex for storage they've got a lot of data center specific hardware and software and this is just hardware there's software package I mean they've got five to ten different software package I won't even go into and then if you've ever heard of their MDS line of switches these are Fibre Channel switches so cisco is very invested in the Center so the question is do we even know what the data center is because I know when I was studying for this ecmp I didn't really have a grasp of what that data center was I was so focused on networking so I just make all of the bits and bytes move in the network and I don't even know what's in the data center I just know it's really important if you're in that boat don't worry we're gonna go into a little bit of details here really when it comes down to is our organizations have two very precious resources we have applications and we have data this is the core of what's at what we're storing in the data center it's why we call it a data centers because where our data is storing there when we think about it we and IT are sometimes not always but sometimes we are segmented a little bit too much from the actual business so the business is looking at it from the you know I'll use an example I used to work for a medical clinic and we I all of IT was in a separate building from the actual clinic and so when I showed up to work every day it was just me and a bunch of IT folks whether they were developers or server people or my fellow network guys I mean it was just we were all showing up to the technology building and that was all we knew well that's great except every now and again I would actually have to pack my bag and go over to the medical clinic and usually I'd have to throw some khakis on too because we could wear jeans but we were not to go to the clinic with jeans didn't look professional enough so I throw my slacks on or whatever walk down the street and into the medical clinic and it struck me multiple times that wow you know what I forget this but we are in a patient's right I mean like we're medical clinic we're seeing patients people are coming to see a doctor and and to get prescriptions and to you know have their vitals checked in like my day to day was sitting in a small office basically cubicle working on network gear and so there's this doubt that there can be this chasm between the business over here on one side of the chasm and IT here on the other side and we forget that this is why our company exists we are here for a reason and the reason is in my case to see patients or hey maybe work for a retail store it's to service goods maybe you work for a I don't know a bank right I mean you're a financial institution you're there for your customers and for the people who are trusting you with their money and so if the business isn't able to do business then they're going to go out of business another way to say that and so in IT we we are facing a time when we need to be more savvy at the business side of the house than we've had to be in the past we have to understand business concepts if we don't understand business concepts then all we are are the proverbial IT nerd in the corner maybe with the lights out you know just punching away and we're really just an obstacle to doing business a lot of businesses see their IT shop as an obstacle they see it as a cost center or a drain on their bottom line and we're not doing ourselves any favors if we contribute to that mindset so the more that we can understand the business side of the house the better it is you know first of all for us right career-wise because we're going to be seen as more valuable that way but second of all IT now can actually serve as business needs rather than simply I don't know just kind of checking boxes oh yeah the network's up yeah this is that because otherwise we're we an IT if we start making decisions based on technology alone a lot of conversations are gonna be hey IT we need you to do this and we're gonna say no we're not gonna do that it's not secure or it's it's inconvenient there's no good way to do it or it's just you know it's going to cost too much money that's a common right and we become the Department of no no we're not gonna do this no we're not gonna do that no no no and then I mean you you think about it from your perspective if you were showing up every day at your job and somebody was preventing you from effectively doing your job you're gonna get really sick and tired of that really fast and so no different if IT is always telling the business side of the house no we're not going to do that we're eventually going to be deemed irrelevant or at least now not worth the time and then people will find ways around IT in order to do what they want to do in fact the cloud is one of those ways because coming back to this concept here let me get a new color coming back to this concept the business cares a lot about applications ok applications are I don't know you hold up your smart phone and you think apps you know apps are not like to us apps are for fun for the media email Twitter well that's social media I guess maybe some games and things like that but to a business the applications are what keep the business running so we might have a payroll app we might have a you know resources ERP system CRM tools like the salespeople can track their sales opportunities it's all of these applications some of them allow customers to place orders you know if you're an order taking company and your application for taking orders goes down then you can't do business anymore so that's why we care about applications and those need to stay online this is why it's so important that the network stays up it's not like somehow the network magically makes our business happen the network provides access to these applications one of which is the Internet of course and a lot of applications do live out on the internet so there's that as well but then there's data of course for some Corbyn Finny's this is a big deal for some companies it's not it's just gonna it's going to depend on how important it is to these organized a to your particular organization the data that you're storing so like customer information for example that can be very important if you are an engineering firm how you make things your patent information that's very confidential data and that's very important if you have customer data like personal data in your hospital and you have everybody Social Security numbers and such that's very sensitive data that you're storing and you need to keep it safe from the bad guys who are trying to steal it from you and we hear about the data breaches when they happen so applications and data are why I keep coming back to this concept it's the lifeblood of an organization and if we don't have apps and data we don't have potentially our business so so that's that's where we need to zero in a little bit on what we're trying to accomplish with the cloud okay so within the data center we're gonna take some servers maybe some UCS servers and we're gonna this is called a virtual host and on this virtual host we're going to host something called virtual machines now it's virtual machine I'm gonna draw it a little bit different here this virtual machine tends to be an instance of an operating system and an application now just threw a lot at you so let me kind of explain that for a second when you and I boot up a laptop whether it's a personal laptop or work laptop usually it's running Windows or Mac OS or Linux or something like that most of the world that's it's a lot of Windows and that is an instance of an operating system now I love to have 15 different applications running at once right I mean even right now I've got my streaming application going I've got my notes application I've got my whiteboard application I've got a command prompt up that's not much of an application I guess I've got my work messaging app running you know if we run a lot of different apps at the same time on one machine windows and all operating systems are designed to do that it's one of the reasons why we have operating systems but in the business world you know when I write a business piece of software that's an application let's rewind like maybe 15 20 years ago and let's say you're a tech support person for this software company and so somebody calls in and says hey your application isn't working or it's it's going really slow and you start unpacking this and you find out that they've got this server this computer running an instance of Windows and they've installed your application but they've also installed five other applications well you're gonna get really sick and tired of of that you're really right away you're gonna say you know what tell you what I don't know what any of those other applications are doing they might be consuming ports Network ports that my application is trying to consume they might be consuming all your memory or your hard drive space whatever the problem is I don't I'm not going to trust those applications I'm not going to guarantee that that application will work what you need to do is get that application put onto a dedicated operating system and that was great except back in those days this operating system was a one-to-one mapping with hardware so I had one piece of hardware one server one operating system in one application and and the hardest part about this is this application might be something that only consumes about 15% of my total resources on that computer so we're all gonna look at that and say okay well let's install five other applications but no no no the application vendors won't support that so we have to have our computer sitting there at 15% utilization and by the way because I have 50 apps in my environment I'm gonna have 50 different servers physical PC you know computers essentially running in my data center running those 50 different applications well this is where virtual machines really saved the day because the virtual machine allowed us to stretch this Hardware out have multiple instances of operating systems and applications this way we can still abide by the application requirements to say it's a one-to-one relationship however we no longer have to worry about this 15 percent utilization anymore that goes away because now I stack as many virtual machines on this piece of hardware as I can and I max out its resources to give me the best utilization so that's the concept of really what we're trying to do inside the data center we're trying to put virtual machines these virtual servers essentially we're going to keep them online and active and accessible as much as possible and deliver that to the business the house now there are some challenges with that but we'll get into those in a little bit so that really brings us what you know this this is an on-premise data center where you talking about on-prem we're really focusing on my own hardware so I'm an organization maybe it's your organization I have a data center I have racks I have servers it might be three servers I mean I've seen data centers as small as three servers you might have three servers it might be as large as 200 servers you know however many servers you have that's typically where the data center lives and we can have again we've mentioned that we have networking we have servers we have storage we have storage networking we've got all kinds of different hardware components and I mentioned again that then you include the software components we've got hardware and software components running this data center and it's complicated who's running this I mean how many people do we have managing it and what happens if the network has a problem now that's that's having some issues so that affects the servers and the storage or maybe the storage is running low and so that affects our applications and there's just there's just a ton of different systems that we're trying to bring together in order to make our data center work and it's again it's complicated it's difficult there's a lot of blame don't blame that can happen if something goes wrong you know is the network team is the server team as the storage team or maybe that team is all you maybe you're like one person you're expected to be able to do all of these technologies and you get stressed out and you quit and then the you know the business is like well we got to hire another data center in engineering so there's a lot of problems associated with the data center and this is where the concept of the cloud comes into play so let me pull up a new whiteboard for that all right checking my notes here all right so the cloud the cloud a wise person once said the cloud all of this there's no such thing as the cloud it's just somebody else's computer okay I don't know who said it first I've heard it from many sources so it's possum we all just started saying it at once but either way there is no such thing as the cloud it really is just somebody else's data center when we talk about cloud vendors like Amazon and Microsoft do those are two of the largest ones they just have their own data centers with tons and tons of all the equipment we just said eventually all this virtual stuff has to run on physical Hardware actual equipment and our cloud you know again I Amazon or whatever we're talking about is just another data center and we're going to borrow their data center to run our workloads the difference is I don't have to worry about that physical world so my virtual machines are going to run on let's call Amazon Amazon Web Services is a very popular cloud platform and so they've got I'll draw it like a cloud they've got their cloud here and they've got their servers and their networking and their storage and their virtualization and their backups in there dr you know you know all of this is running just fine in amazon and they've got all of the support staff in order to make this work meanwhile me me my organization I've not gotten nearly as many people that to really make this work and so I could run all of my own servers and network and storage and virtualization or I can just spin up virtual machines these virtual servers on Amazon's again they're they're their computers right for lack of a better word it's not a cloud it's somebody else's computer so that's the idea of a cloud now they're very important if we're going to be going after the Encore exam yellow color sure there is the an American institution called the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST ni St I'll write this out if we're gonna go take Cisco's exam we probably better know how NIST defines the cloud as much as anything it's because the world is kind of centered around their definition which comes out of five different characteristics for so the definition of a cloud computing service will have these five characteristics in some for the first one is you know we'll just say one number one on-demand self-service on-demand self-service comes down to this how do you spin up a new virtual machine if you're ready to deploy a new virtual machine how do you do it if the answer is well I pick up the phone and I call Amazon and I say I need a new virtual machine that's not a great answer that's not very on-demand especially if Amazon has only open 8 to 5 I know naturally Amazon's not gonna have that but what about a local regional cloud provider and I was talking to an organization once we were talking about their cloud vendor and they said well it's it's it's alright but I you know we have to call in to spin up new virtual machines and they're not open on weekends and it's very painful for us to do that I thought wow wait a second how do you define yourself as a cloud organization if you don't have on-demand self-service so the concept of self-service simply means I can do it myself I can service for myself I can spin up my own virtual machines usually this is gonna come in the form of a web application I'll point my web browser to you know Amazon again I'll keep using Amazon's example Asher and Google and IBM and all kinds of other vendors have very similar interfaces I'm gonna point my web browser out I'm going to spin up my own virtual machine I'm just gonna have to call Amazon I shouldn't have to worry about whether Amazon is open in the middle of the night or again my local cloud provider this should be on demand meaning all the time whenever I want on-demand self-service meaning whenever so whenever I want I can I can do it myself it's not to say that I you know I mean if they if I need support that's a different situation but as far as just my day-to-day what I'm doing that should be on demand and it should be serviceable myself this is one reason why what we have have happened sometimes is we have the business side trying to decide between IT and the cloud they say well you know we're all on IT so we think IT is the good guys and they should pick us to deploy their applications into our data center rather than going out to the cloud which does usually cost more money Claude is not cheap cloud is usually the more expensive solution between running it myself and running it in the cloud and yet over and over in time and time again there the beds inside of the house is sending a lot of these applications up to the cloud and saying we'll just run it in the cloud well why are they running it in the cloud when it costs more money well it's because money isn't their biggest care about an IT we tend to be you know we're servants to the Almighty you know dollar euro whatever form of currency is like like we have to fit it in our budget yet the business people are like you know I don't know if it in the budget but it's going to make us be able to do our jobs better so we're going to go do this and so if again good on demand self-service boils down to a question if you have a developer in your organization that needs a new virtual machine because they're gonna deploy an application to it maybe it's to run a quick test on something or what have you how do they get new virtual machines are they picking up the phone and calling you and you know I mean hopefully you go home at night and you get to see your family or what have you so if they need a virtual machine at 1:00 in the morning are they able to spin it up as it on-demand is it self-service can they do it themselves so this is this is one of the reasons why they're going to the cloud now we're going to find out later that we can still deliver on-demand self-service in our own data centers that's called a private cloud but it takes intentionality and it takes some investment in resources in order to do that and so a lot of us a lot of organizations that I've worked with they don't they don't have a true pub they don't have a true private cloud because even though they have an unprepped at a-- center they're not providing for example on-demand self-service let's look at the second definition or characteristic sorry these are characteristics broad network access broad network access essentially boils down to how do you get to it now the easiest way if we're going to say its broad network access that means it should be accessible from basically anywhere broad network access if it's available on the internet that's pretty much these days you know the definition of broad network access if I have to like VPN into another network somewhere that's not very broad and if I have to be in some part of the world you know I mean I like maybe I have to be in Europe to use this service versus you know I'm gonna have my organisation in Australia try to dial into this but they you know it's IP blocked or whatever I mean that's problematic it should be accessible as much as possible wherever possible whenever possible okay so for the most part this one's pretty straightforward there's not a whole lot to drill into on this one but it should be accessible very easily and I think the best way to relate to that is you know with my private data center a lot of times I do have like if I'm sitting here at home and I need to check on the servers usually I have two VPN in and what if the VPN service is down that could be a problem I mean there's a lot of chicken-and-egg issues where your data center something reloads in the data center and the authentication server is not coming back up and because the authentication servers not there I can't VPN in Jimmy's I have to drive into the office which maybe it's a half an hour away and so now it's just gonna delay and delay and delay those problems shouldn't exist with a cloud deployment alright third again we don't you spend much time on that resource pooling resource is a fancy way of saying that I'm going to take a bunch of resources pull them together and allow them to be consumed by many different individuals so this equates to a concept we call multi-tenancy so Amazon is probably not building an entire data center for one customer they're probably not even deploying a single server for one customer the idea here is that they will deploy a single server and it's going to have some amount of CPU some amount of memory some amount of storage and this will be pooled together we'll call it a resource pool and then all the different customers maybe customer a customer B customer C are all going to use this resource pool of resources okay it's very efficient remember we talked about with the virtualization concept I don't want a server sitting there at fifteen percent utilization I want it as close to a hundred percent because I spent all my money on that I'm not I didn't just buy fifteen percent of it I bought a hundred percent of that server I'm only using fifteen percent so same thing with a managed a cloud provider Amazon or otherwise the more hardware that's just sitting there bored the less money I'm making or at least the more money I wasted and that's not good so want to pool our resources together it shouldn't be it comes like a little bit to self service but I mean I shouldn't have to go out and provision new servers because you want to spin up a virtual machine I should have a pool of resources ready and available for you and for every other customer that wants to dial into my cloud service all right number four rapid elasticity so this is a fun one and I'm going to use Netflix as the example I love to use Netflix as example for this so hey been aalverson thanks for saying hi thanks for hanging out talking about cloud tonight so rapidly whoops I didn't finish that you last hist city rapid elasticity so Netflix if you think about it let's say there's you know normal amount of traffic Netflix people are streaming Netflix sorry I'm late one of the other streamers I follow just got a new puppy well welcome big papa and it's hard to compete with new puppies so no no worries I don't fault you at all for that one well that's a good gig off to also come up with something in competition with that I don't know hey well I've got you and and then here I just want to make sure I've made an announcement earlier in the evening this will be my last livestream on Twitch I will be moving over to youtube live after this so there's all the CBT Nuggets people are really there being encouraged to move over to YouTube live and there's also some advantages behind that for a may call it cataloging perspective you know means people are looking for things it's easier to find that on YouTube than on Twitch and so we're just gonna try to try moving platforms and it'll probably take a few weeks to figure that out so expect at least by the beginning of May if not the end of April that I will be back and on YouTube live so just want to make sure that that message got across to everybody I'll make sure to announce it again at the end in case we get other people to join us all right so we're on the five characteristics of cloud computing per the National Institute of Science no I always do that standards and technology not science and technology number for rapid elasticity so the idea here is this yeah I know twitch is a better platform for streaming it's really again it comes back to that cataloging concept so I hear you though on it people just aren't searching for networking stuff on twitch is what marketing is finding and versus people are searching for stuff on YouTube anyways it is what it is I don't necessarily disagree with it but at the same time it's it's kind of sad to move platforms so hopefully you're able to still join us on YouTube I don't want to lose I don't want to lose anybody in the transition that's for sure restream yes that is a good point we could do a stream and I've thought about that and we're considering that but thank you very much for the suggestion cuz that there's a good good point hmm all right sorry well let back to let rapid elasticity let's knock this out so the idea of rapid elasticity is saying that oh I was in the middle of an example let's just let's just cut right to the chase the idea of rapid elasticity is saying that I have an application that all of a sudden is getting hammered it needs more resources and if I'm a cloud service provider I should be able to allow that application to spin up more resources as long as it's available in the pool and as long as they want to pay for it but they should be able to spin up all those resources and then spin them back down as they do as when they don't need it so I was using Netflix as Netflix is the example because Netflix actually does famously run on Amazon Web Services they were on their entire infrastructure in AWS and one of the big reasons for that is because they want to use and pay for what they need at any given time so four o'clock rolls around and everybody comes home from school and they're all hitting their regional virtual machines you know these these Netflix servers that are serving up data they want to be able to ramp the production of that up to meet that need and then cool it down when everybody goes to bed or for example if a global pandemic happened and everybody in the world started streaming Netflix all at once Netflix needs to be able to spin up as many resources as possible and so they have invested fully into amazon's cloud primarily for that functionality but on a more personal note I have worked with a company in my area that they have a they're a party store they do prom dresses prom is like their biggest season of the year and they sell a ton of stuff around prom season and so their their utilization of their network looks you know if I draw it like this it does this so it spikes up during prom season and it does that the rest of the year so in a private data center if you're just running your own data center how many resources do you need running at any given time well you need that money resources running even though for the most part most of the for most of the year you're not even going to be using those resources but if it comes around to prom season and you're your measured out down here and you can't support all of the load that is needed in prom season then you're gonna be in trouble and IT folks are gonna be out of a job because again the business side matters and if they can't make sales they can't make payroll and they can't afford to pay you so we need them to make their sales and so we're going to spend more money than we want to make sure that we can support that influx well if that one application was put into the cloud and the cloud can run it really low for most of the year and then it can spike up for prom season and then go right back down for the rest of the year then I can sighs my on-premise data center right here I can make sure that I don't invest too much money and my hardware that's just gonna be sitting there idle again we do not want hardware to be sitting there idle all right big Papa I do the same thing with my server shut down one minecraft server was not being used spin up my even G VM for labs Goku thanks for following alright yeah well I don't know I mean Minecraft servers are very important I suppose but so is studying for certifications and by the way big pop if you didn't see the announcements today that cisco has pushed every active certifications with word that retirement the the recertification the deadline for restarting there it's going to they gave us all six extra months I'm not I'm not sure why I can't explain that in some few words but so if you had anything that was needing to be restarted by let's say June you have until December now and we'll see if they don't even push that back a little bit more they are also working they announced this I don't have an inside scoop but they did announce also that they are looking very seriously and to online testing options as well so don't private data centers run bare metal servers for the most part no I would argue not though when we talk about bare metal servers we're truly talking about or usually I mean maybe it's different in different parts of the world but for me a bare metal server is not running a hypervisor so I know you missed the start of this conversation we we mapped out actually through the magic of software I can go back in time but we talked about this concept of applications and data and so we've got the virtual machines woops yeah yeah I didn't pick the layer anyways we've got these virtual machines that are running on the host because every application requires a one-to-one mapping with an operating system and so a bare-metal to me looks like this it looks like application on an operating system on a dedicated piece of hardware so usually where you're running like Windows Lenox here versus a host a virtual host is going to have one piece of hardware that runs many instances of virtual machines which would be it essentially Maps out to an application to operating system instance so that's where that's where to me it's bare metal but most data centers should be running on that moreso than bare metal because bare metal doesn't scale particularly well but but there are some applications that require it they'll say they won't support being virtualized or what-have-you so you always got to pay attention to that yak over 19 is interfering with testing centers yeah so the but yeah I'm glad you saw that that was the six-month extension to me bare metals like ESXi running on a machine hosting several VMs that's interesting when I was doing data center consulting whenever we talked about bare metal it was I mean every now and again somebody might have referred to it as just the piece of hardware but a virtual host versus bare metal applications to me is an application that's just running on a non virtualized host so but you know that's just terminology we all have different ways of saying things all right number five so the last one is measured service which I like to call it metered service a lot but it's the same thing measured service is the idea that I can measure what you're using so this is this is turning cloud computing into a utility where you know I've got my meter in the back of my house that somebody shows up and they look to see how much electricity I've used every month the the gas company is tracking how much gas I use the water companies drinking how much water I use you know so so we've got all these utilities where they are measuring how much I'm using and they're charging me for my actual utilization well that's exactly what should be according to nest should be part of a cloud deployment is to pay for what you're using so it's this concept it ties back to the rapid elasticity we mentioned it several times I want to be paying for what I'm using and not paying for what I'm not using and so measured service basically says that my cloud company will be able to tell how much cloud spend that I've spent how many cloud resources I've consumed in a month or whatever my billing cycle is and then they will bill me for what I've used so that's it these five characteristics again I would expect that if you're going to take the encore exam that Cisco would be asking about these five characteristics I just I would expect that so we're going to make sure that we we have that all right moving on onward and upward alright so we want to move on to talk about what the public cloud is from NIST perspective let's talk about what we call cloud service models okay cloud service models this will be familiar to probably most of you potentially cloud service not services cloud service models this boils down to three different options we have infrastructure as a service we have platform it should install down platform as a service you know I don't like the capital ace I do that sometimes but I like the lower cases infrastructure as a service platform as a service and software as a service so these three cloud service models are the different types of public clouds that exist and usually like Amazon for example they're going to have you know infrastructure and platform as a service you're gonna find that some cloud vendors have multiples of these but these two are pretty well tied together as we'll see here in a moment so oft where the service is kind of its own thing and so well let's just kind of walk through this they are all related to each other those there's why they're all part of the service models what this boils down to is this question how much do you want to manage because we already mentioned this a virtual machine consists of an application and an operating system and I might not want to manage that operating system in fact a lot of applications will have a series of virtual machines a pretty common deployments tak would be saying that I've got a let's call this a a database on the back end an application server here in the middle that ties back to the database but then also serves up all of its information to a web server and this is how I know this is getting a little busy but Mar our users are logging into this web server so any application that has a web front-end I'm pointing my web browser to my application logging into it it usually is tied back to an application server which is accessing the database right so I've got three different virtual machines all of them have operating systems how much of this do I want to support that's that's the question so infrastructure-as-a-service says I will manage all of it okay now let's just want one point I should have made in all of these cases this is a public cloud environment so I'm not managing any of the hardware regardless okay if I want to manage the hardware I'm not in the public cloud I'm managing it myself so the I guess the the common denominator here for all of these services is that we are not managing hardware we're only managing software in some fashion virtual machine ian's applications etc infrastructure as a service says I can manage the entire stack so I can manage the the operating system I can manage the databasing I can manage the application server right I mean I'm doing it all I've spin up my own virtual machines by the way when I'm talking about we talk about managing operating systems we have to patch those operating systems we have to secure them keep them all on the same version and so there's a lot to it but ok you know what it usually is less money or our dollars spend is going to go up as we go up the stack and so if I've got the expertise to manage my own operating systems then might as well do it platform as a service is interesting because it's harder to describe what platform as-a-service essentially says is I'm going to take some of these services that we've drawn out here such as a database sir that's a very common example a development environment is another one where you might have a separate server running a development it like an IDE or some kind of development in infrastructure where you know you don't necessarily want to run the operating systems for those and so really what you're doing is you're spinning up a database as a service so I'm not I don't have to manage sequel anymore I don't have to manage some of these things so it's it's me it's that middleware it's just the the peripheral services that I need in order to support my application so if I'm running platform as a service essentially what I'm saying is I'm going to keep my applications I'm gonna I'm gonna run I mean honestly the web server could be a platform that I spin up I just spent up in Apache instance or something like that that is my web server and so now I'm running web server as a service I'm running my database as a service but hey you know I'm still gonna have to spin up some virtual machines and manage those operating systems but I have to manage a lot less operating systems in this situation and and you even then at you know trying to draw the line here right like I don't have to service the database itself but I still have access to the database okay yeah if that makes sense so and there's still some servicing I have to do with it I shouldn't say like that but hopefully hopefully we're getting the gist of it I'll come back to platform-as-a-service in a moment because it is a little bit tricky to define software as a service is saying you know what I'm just gonna make this easy Mac I don't want any of that stuff you know what I want I want access to really I'll do it like this you know what I really want is access to this right here I want access to the application and that is all I care about we use a ton of software as a service applications these days I mean the trending in the industry is to push everything out to software as a service as much as possible yes it does tend to be the more expensive way to go because you're paying that to run all of this in their data centers and they've got to pay for their data centers some way and so life is good I suppose for them but for us as long as we can afford it it's the simplest easiest way to go so I for example my wife and I use a a budgeting application that is entirely software as a service you know it used to be that you go out and you'd buy a CD or something and throw it into your computer and install the budgeting application and you pull it up and I'd you know you have what they call the thick client right you double-click on the icon it loads an application do everything in the application you close it out it's all stored locally but now I just point my computer up to the SAS provider which is really just a www address in the internet somewhere and so I'm landing on their servers I'm doing all of my budgeting you know another one is taxes right I mean tax software used to be something you'd install now you just point your web browser out to it and so you know the software as a service is very convenient they store all of the data but at the same time there could be some security concerns I mean some company out there knows a whole lot of personal information about me because I'm storing my data on their servers so I have to have a trust relationship with this company they have to be online regularly I mean if they're constantly down I'm gonna be less interested in using their software as a service I'd rather install it on myself on my computer and that way it's always available and then this applies to business level applications as well a lot of payroll applications these days and you know ERP systems CRM salesforce.com is a huge example of this where you used to have to install these systems in your own data center and now you can just say I don't even want to like spin them up in Amazon I'm just gonna go right to salesforce.com and I'm gonna use use their software that way they pop a cost offset by not needing someone on staff to the operating system support VM provisioning absolutely so generally speaking you don't I mean call it cost offset it's not usually a straightforward saying that a software-as-a-service for example is more expensive but worth it in a lot of cases is where I canna drew this arrow here because I can usually decide whether I want to do ayahs or paths but in a lot of cases not every case but in a lot of cases it's either sad or nothing a lot of companies are putting all of their applications into a SAS environment and saying we're no longer supporting you deploying our software you have to come into our data center it makes them more money it also is easier for them to support in some cases they don't even charge anymore and that that's not always the case but in some cases they won't charge you they just want you to use it in their space because they have more control over it patching software for example like I never have to patch my budgeting software it's just next time I log in it's gonna be running the latest and greatest version so all of these things that we have to worry about if we're running it ourselves we want to worry about it with SAS but sometimes the companies don't don't give us a choice but but at the same time I don't want discredit what you said because it is absolutely true that you know we have to have more staff on support or on on hand in or support and I as our PA's environment we have to better train our users in order to spin those things up and and bring them to life and such but you know it's still a lot easier than managing the hardware as well all right so any questions on I asked passer says big poppa that was a good question so anything else you have let me know and we'll be sure to hit it up all right we do need to again these are all this is all terminology I would expect that you need to know if you're gonna go take the encore alright next is something we call cloud deployment models what are we on losing track cloud deployment models okay this will look a little bit more familiar potentially and it's a little more straightforward sort of cloud deployment models we have four of them then when you talk about we have private clouds public clouds hybrid clouds and we have community clouds public cloud is what we've been talking about public cloud kind of boils down to that I as pass and says conversation where I'm running it in somebody else's data center yeah they pop up as it's hard to nail down again I really think one of the best examples is databasing you know that way I don't have to install my own database on a server I can just get a database application and tie that to I should say get a database and tie it to my applications application but it's one of those it's just less concrete I think it's more of a case-by-case situation whether it's classified as platform-as-a-service or not so either way public cloud we've covered those options we know it's in somebody else's data center private cloud I want to talk about private cloud because this is a little bit of a soapbox kind of moment for me I know know how to say it it's something I care about the concept of a private cloud a lot of people say my private cloud equals my data center or equals my on-prem and so I'll be talking to somebody and I say yeah I deploy that into my private my private cloud oh what's your private cloud oh it's it's my servers and storage in my data center no no no they are not the same thing okay a big pop all right Dropbox and onedrive those are 100% software as a service that's just logging in and accessing storage I know it's the only storage but it's software I mean it's it's the exchange of that that's my opinion that's where you you probably could make the argument it's platform because it's just storage but for me platform as a service is more of an enabling thing and Dropbox is more of a just 8 I'm gonna store stuff there and pull it out like if I could tie my Dropbox to an application a little bit better that might work it's like Amazon s3 storage is probably a little more platform-as-a-service yeah I'm talking myself into a corner here yeah I don't know dude do a Google search see what people say yeah it's if you can't tie it to another service I'm gonna say it's software if you can tie it because I don't even know for sure like if I can take my Dropbox account and tie it into my Amazon servers and have them run off of it I don't think you can so I'm not exactly sure how Dropbox would classify as a that's a platform as a service that's a good one though all right so private cloud not you're not your dad's datacenter I don't know where I was going with that but it's not your datacenter your private cloud if you're gonna run a private cloud you have to have those five characteristics and we defined them earlier on-demand self-service and measured service and broad network access and all these things we have to have those for the most part if it's going to be a public private cloud don't have to have like all five of them 100% nailed but you better see some of those characteristics if you're going to call it a private cloud private cloud the advantage of a private cloud is let's say I have that rapid you let wait no wrong one on-demand self-service this is my favorite one to bring up to people on demand my pen stopped working there sorry about that on-demand self-service is a great example I actually even said it earlier I believe if you have developers in your organization and they need to spin up virtual machines how do they spin up those virtual machines this doesn't happen in every organization I know a lot of organizations you say well I don't have developers who are spinning up virtual machines and that's fine if that's where you find yourself but in larger organizations or organizations that value developers having programmers on staff working on various things a lot of times they need to spin up new virtual machines and run tests and things like that and so the question is this how do they spin up those virtual machines because if the developers have to call you up and they have to be entered into a queue even if it's submitting a ticket same thing right I don't care if it's physically calling you or not it could be submitting a ticket if I have to sit there and wait for an IT person to get around to it and maybe even wait until the next day it's not on demand self-service and it's not a private cloud meanwhile our developers see that I can go yeah I can call my tea shop and it's gonna take a long time guess what else I can do I can go up to the public cloud and I can start working today I mean y'all I've been there where I there was a situation at work that one of our security guys had installed a firewall between our lab environment in our production environment and our lab environment was largely out-of-band anyways like there was no way anything could get across that he just you know there was just gonna be a firewall there and and I was fine with that like that's that's fine it doesn't particularly affect me and at least it didn't until it did and there was a day where I had under the gun I had to like login I had to validate configuration for a customer and that doggone firewall was blocking my connections and my security guy wasn't available you can bet I went down there and completely bypassed that firewall get my job done okay that's called shadow IT and shadow IT it was a popular phrase about six or seven years ago it's it's falling a little bit out of vogue these days but the idea is I'm going to do what it takes to do my job these developers are being assessed just like we are at our jobs they have criterias for success one of these developers might need to spend something up on really short notice and so what they're going to do is I guarantee you they're gonna go spend the money via their company credit card or their managers approval or what-have-you we're gonna go spend dollars to spin up that virtual machine when they need it and this is one reason why IT was becoming irrelevant especially five years ago and IT had to really step up their game because in a weird way we and IT are competing with Amazon we're competing with Microsoft in Google because they're going after our customers which are our own IT staff or our own non IT staff so this is where we need to be business enablers and be thinking along those lines we're gonna find ourselves without a job whether we're out sourced or they just more or less say well we're moving so much to the cloud we don't need as many as much death these days that's certainly the biggest threat so if we can spin up software and Cisco by the way makes this software they have a platform called UCS director UCS director is a self-service software package that developers now can go here to UCS director instead of going to the cloud that way they can still click click click spin up their own virtual machines and we're done so this is part of matching these five characteristics UCS director allows for rapid elasticity it allows for measured service it allows for all of these NIST characteristics that they say it is part of every single cloud deployment so this is where again I would argue and maintain an on-premise data center is not a private cloud unless it is meeting those five characteristics as much as possible Dropbox does have public API and use to share your data with other apps here we go all right well then I would consider that platform as a service although I would argue that you can consume it either way then and that's why it's not black and white and concrete and all that it can be a little bit of all over the place all right we'll come back to hybrid cloud here in a moment but community clouds so this community cloud concept is interesting you and I are probably not going to see much of this depending on I mean if you work for a university or a healthcare system you might every now and again I think those are the two biggest examples it really comes down to in some way we're sharing a dataset of data center resources with another organization so it's not a public cloud it's not my private cloud but it's a shared resource with collaborative organizations so again university is this this can be popular in universities if you've got five universities all part of one research project maybe one of them opens up part of their data center to be the called the home of this community cloud and everybody has equal access to it and can you know spin up resources and spin down resources and such so another one might be healthcare organizations you might have and those are usually I'm still thinking of like research so it's universities but you know if you have a healthcare research organization that's collaborative and working with other ones then you know that maybe they'd spin up a community cloud it's one of these like you have to know that it's one of them it's four of them I've never personally engaged with a community cloud I've never even seen one trust me it's not to say they don't exist they absolutely exist but and you have to be part of the right communities I don't know you have to be part of the right organization in order to see community clouds okay um last but not least let's talk about the hybrid cloud real quick so the hybrid cloud concept is this hybrid cloud says that I've got my ideally an actual private cloud hopefully now you know what that is and a public cloud in fact I could really have multiple clouds I get multiple public clouds I could have I could have just multiple public clouds period I don't even have to have a public private cloud but the idea is I have many different options available to me so maybe this one is Amazon maybe this one is Microsoft Azure maybe this one is Google Cloud GCP platform right Google cloud platform DCP and a hybrid cloud says that I'm going to in some fashion distribute my distribute my workloads among these different clouds now from a technical perspective a hybrid cloud usually does involve your private cloud so I Prai should rescind what I said before that said Cisco likes to use the word multi cloud and multi-cloud could exist without a private cloud you could just truly have three different cloud deployments and so usually what are you going to have is you're going to have a set of software like an arbiter what do i what I remember a cloud brokering software that's usually what we call this so a cloud broker was called cloud broker a cloud broker set of software it's going to allow me as the user to say hey I wanted to deploy this application and the cloud broker is going to say all right here's your options you can deploy it into the private you can deploy it into Amazon and you can apply it into Azure and here are the costs for deploying into each one here is the I don't know the the time here's the you know how long it will take to spin it up and everything and I get to choose where to deploy my workload and so in some cases it's a just I happens to be cheaper to the play in Azure that day so I'm gonna play it into Azure we think of them all as being the same but Amazon you know as you as you go up the scale of server sizes you might have you know Amazon's in this column and Asher's in this column they might have you know Amazon might have their four different sizes for example they have a lot more than four but here these four sizes and Azure might be something like this where they've got their staggered you know and so if I need exactly that much that many resources Amazon would be a better fit but if I need exactly that many resources a sure might be the better fit because Amazon I'd have to go up up higher in order to get the amount of resources I need so depending on the application I might spin this up in Amazon or Azure or yes my private cloud because now I have UCS director and that's an option for you just to spin it up in UCS director and this cloud broker software would integrate with UCS director just like it integrates with Amazon Asia Cisco by the way go figure has a cloud broking soft brokering software it's called cliffs Cisco Cloud Center and Cisco Cloud Center was an acquisition they made called clicker CL IQR and a lot of people still refer to it as clicker which is why I bring it up so clicker is Cisco Cloud Center technically speaking we don't say clicker anymore we're not supposed to but either way it's this cloud brokering software that allows us to deploy a hybrid cloud a hybrid cloud is truly designed to be a best of both worlds approach I've got all of the services and availability of the public cloud I've got the cost savings potentially of my private cloud and I can choose the best cloud for the need you know something keep them mine too is we talked about the start about data and how secure that data some for some organizations needs to be well if your hospital and you've got patient information that's got to be super secure and there might even be laws that say you can't store that information in a public cloud versus you know I don't know just inventory data inventory data who cares it's temporary it's not gonna last you know very long it's not gonna be relevant very long and it's not super insecure you know nobody's going to you can't sell that information on the dark web or what have you so yeah so it depends on the application depends on the data but there might be some applications that we say you know what if it's tied to the system it has to go into our private cloud but hey if not then spin it up wherever you want and there might be an application that we want to take advantage of serverless computing in AWS oh I can't do serve all this computing in my private cloud so go ahead spin that up in Amazon this isn't that again that best of all worlds approach really all right Ben sounds like open Jas foundation uses a community cloud model yeah okay they run nodejs electron many other big OSS projects yeah I am yeah you're gonna find a lot of those kinds of things open source is an interesting one because you're right as they share data usually they're going to do that in some kind of community cloud I almost wonder if like github and get lab if those would count as community clouds because you know we store a lot of data up there I mean I've got coding projects in git lab for example it's it's a public cloud but it's also something that like everybody can have access to so like it could I could see it being categorized as a community cloud but this is where again it's just not as black and white as we'd all like it to be all right believe it or not that that is that is the end of this session we ended a little early tonight but if you have any questions please you know I've got a few minutes here so anything on this or anything else so go related we can chat about cisco cisco makes their money in the actual data center we mentioned it earlier they have cisco nexus cisco ucs and MDS switches and such but they also have a ton of software and clout this cloud center software is one example they've got UCS director is another one and they've got you know myriad of others app dynamics tetration iterations kind of a hardware or software thing but either way I mean they they can make their money anywhere so cisco wants to be a a cloud agnostic shop they they love the idea that they can help you decide which cloud to go to they don't want to have their own cloud at least that's been their direction i'm you know that they always had direction and then maybe in a month they're gonna announce hey we've got a public cloud offering a cisco does offer software as a service WebEx is a great example of that WebEx teams there there are quite a few in fact tetration they now have tetration is a huge analytics engine for your data center so that is now available as a software-as-a-service option so they're getting more and more vested into some of those options for their software as well so you don't have to go install it on Prem the public cloud is a great resource but I usually caution people away from thinking that that's the only solution the only the best time for you to be locked into a public cloud is if your startup you're there really really small because if you're really really small and your startup with like five dudes or I mean that guys or girls either way but you've got yeah five I'm just thinking of like I don't know a bunch of people college graduates eating pizza for some reason but either way you've got five individuals that have started this company and they're not gonna go out and buy a bunch of servers and and start installing applications they're gonna go out and use the cloud resources as much as possible you know I'm that that's the reality but eventually as they consume more I mean the cloudy and cheap and eventually you're spending we worked with one company they were spending I won saves $18,000 a month to run their infrastructure in Microsoft Azure and we ran the numbers and we were going to be able to position a like good Cisco hardware UCS Nexus VMware software our hypervisor we're gonna be able to all of it I think for like $80,000 so that's like a four-month return on investment for what they were spending in the cloud and not every cloud deployment is that drastic but every now and again you catch that where it's like you're just running something hot and in and because you're running hot remember that application I mentioned with the the prom right where they every once a year they're spiking up if they if you're running that hot all year round you you should just buy that and put it in your data center because you're gonna be paying a lot of money to be running that all the time however there are some organizations that are so large like again we mentioned Netflix that it's just they would rather not I mean that that's that's a heavy for them to I shouldn't even say it like that Netflix could absolutely run all their own data centers if they wanted to the problem for Netflix is they vary so much from region to region that you know again you know any any place in the around the world you're gonna have a busy time in the afternoon and a busy time in the early to late evening and then you're going to be basically dead overnight and through the working day so for them to try to manage that themselves they view Amazon as a great solution for that and it's worth the cost for them as much as anything because they're flush with cash you know when you have half the world subscribe to you I suppose dudes can be any gender actually I looked I I've I've have made that argument as well it's culturally dude means guy dude means man but when you look at the history of the word they can oh you know I'm sorry I'm thinking of guys do you know the word guy can actually mean man or woman guy is actually genderless dude I would argue do it is a man but dude dudette isn't it a dudette or is that just a maybe that's just a California atheist thing I don't know I just Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles just jumped into my mind so either way so yeah Netflix chooses to use it so you have to have a use case okay the thing I always caution people on is don't just go to the cloud because it's the cloud you know I mean that's I think that's the danger is a lot of places are like well it's cloud time you know everybody's moving to the cloud and I don't like running on this expensive hardware because it is expensive it's like I've got a quote from you Jeff for $100,000 worth of Cisco equipment for my data center and so they run out to the cloud because you you here's a great example right you you run a test you're like okay I'm gonna move I've got a hundred virtual machines I'm gonna move ten of them up to the cloud and so oh it's gonna it's costing me a thousand bucks a month that's a tenth of my environment ten of my hundred virtual machines basic math right thousand dollars times ten is ten thousand dollars a month so it's gonna cost me ten thousand dollars a month maybe I'm actually quoting a quarter million dollars right it's like ten ten thousand a month I'd really rather spend that I know that's a two-year return on investment that's a lot harder to justify someone's gonna go to the cloud well you they spend all this time and effort moving to the cloud and what they find is that those ten virtual machines that they you moved but what do you think you think they're the you think do you think that those were the the hardest hitting VMs no it was a test they moved the domain controller up there and they moved a small storage server or something I a file server whatever they moved up there wasn't using up ten percent of the utilization was using up like two percent and so they move all this stuff up there and all of a sudden their bill comes in and it's 20,000 25,000 dollars a month like whoa whoa what happened here you know and now now my quarter million dollars even though it sounded super expensive you're gonna spend three hundred thousand bucks a year trying to keep this cloud deployment online so that's kind of a tables all this time cloud has its purpose it's not to be everything it to be used for the value that it provides if you need on-demand self-service you're not getting that out of your private data center I would argue it's not private data sent anymore but either way if you're not getting it out of your on-prem deployment great that's a good example use that you need again serverless use Amazon you need federated domains right you know that's what the big part of what Microsoft provides user like they've got these great solutions we don't need to just say alright that means we're gonna move all of our virtual machines up there should never be should never be our approach all right all right well everyone thank you very much again just one one quick last time on this starting in a few weeks I'm gonna be showing up on YouTube live as my platform of choice so hopefully that works for everybody to meet up over there instead I will miss some of the benefits of twitch the whole reason I went with twitch but I do think that it's going to be better from a just a Content archival perspective over on YouTube as well so definitely advantages and disadvantages to every platform but as much as anything my organization that that by and large sponsors this is is looking to make that move so I'm happy to go along with that so there's some great people over there Keith Barker or Jeremy Chara Chuck Keith I'll be in good company I'm not gonna lie so thanks for everybody who has participated in this especially some of you from the beginning it's been a lot of fun have been on twitch now for about three months I think maybe even four months I think it was December and trust me I'm not going anywhere we're gonna keep cranking on content over at CBT Nuggets I recording on core Nuggets every single day we're gonna get that content out as fast as possible and I'm gonna keep doing these live streams as long as they're valuable to people so as always hit me up on Twitter let me know what is valuable to you what you'd like to see out of these live streams and yeah don't hesitate to just reach out for anything LinkedIn Twitter YouTube I'm all over the place so um yeah December yeah it has been has been a while that's for sure it's been a lot of fun all right well with that everyone have a great rest of your night and we'll see you when I come back [Music] [Music]
