- [Narrator] The world's full
of some terrifying creatures who'd have no trouble making
a quick meal out of us humans. But as scary some animals today may seem, there once existed even bigger, badder, and way more terrifying beasts. From child-eating eagles to
colossal carnivorous whales, here are 20 deadly animals
that you'll be glad to know are extinct. Number 20, Arctotherium Angustidens. Number 20, Arctotherium Angustidens. Stumbling across a grizzly bear is enough to make most people flee in fear. But even full-grown grizzlies
look as harmless as cubs when compared to the
Arctotherium Angustidens. More commonly known as The
Giant Short-Faced Bear, it hailed from South America and lived around 2.5 million years ago. With an average weight close to two tons, Arctotherium Angustidens takes
the title for Biggest Bear to Have Ever Lived. For some context, polar bears, the largest land carnivore alive today, are less than half the weight of these ancient bears. On top of that, these guys
could reach an intimidating 14 feet when stood upright - that's higher than a one-story building. Okay, so they're really
tall and really heavy, but that must slow them down, right? Well, considering that the
close relative of this bear, the Arctodus Simus - a smaller genus within the giant short-faced bear family could reach a terrifying top speed of 40 miles per hour and
it's likely that these guys would've clocked up a speedy pace too. So, unless you've got
wheels and an engine, there wouldn't have been
much chance of escaping. And escaping is definitely
what you'd want to do. Broken fossilized teeth
revealed that this bear chewed on bones, suggesting that flesh was a part of their diet. So, to them, human probably
equal a meaty appetizer. Despite their physical prowess, these bears were gradually replaced by the medium-sized Arctotherium Vetustum around 500,000 years ago. No one knows how or why such
a predatory power disappeared, but it's possible that
the increased competition from carnivores like the
jaguar, cougar, and dire wolf depleted the big bear's banquet. Either that, or there's an
even bigger bear out there that we just haven't discovered yet. Number 19, Haast's Eagle Number 19, Haast's Eagle Fortunately, those
bulky bears went extinct around 400,000 years before us
Homo Sapiens first appeared. However, some long-extinct animals once did go toe-to-toe with man. Or technically, toe-to-claw, if the large skeletal remains of the carnivorous Haast's Eagle are anything to go by. Now, these particular remains were found in the South Island of New Zealand. With a wingspan of up to 10
feet, the remains are so large that the bird is now considered to be the biggest eagle ever. The skeleton indicated it
would have stood around half the height of an average man, and weighed in at some 40 pounds. Four times that of a bald eagle. The main prey of these
enormous eagles were Moa, a flightless bird that
was 15 times heavier than their hunter. Moa bone remains show that Haast's Eagles killed their prey by
flying at them from behind and tackling them with their
knife-like three inch talons, before gripping and
crushing the Moa's skull. Anyone else getting a migraine? Disturbingly, it's possible
that Moa weren't the only meal on the Haast's Eagle's menu. Legends from the indigenous
Māori people of New Zealand detail huge birds, swooping
down and plucking up a small child, who was
never to be seen again. But in the 16th century, just 200 years after the Māori population settled on the South Island,
they got their revenge. Human overhunting of the Moa likely led to the eagle's eventual extinction. And with that, Māori children
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terrifying ancient animals. Number 18, Josephoartigasia Monesi Number 18, Josephoartigasia Monesi New York is famous for its massive rats, with some reaching the size of small dogs and house cats. But as big as a New York rat may be, their ancient cousins were something else. Introducing, the Josephoartigasia Monesi, who lived way back between
4 to 2 million years ago. Considered to be the
largest rodent to ever walk the face of the earth. These South American horrors measure in up to 10 feet long and weighed up to a whopping 2,200 pounds. For some perspective, that's
around the same weight as 12 adult humans. Size isn't the only thing to watch out for with these mega-rats, though. They also bared horrifying incisors, reaching almost an entire foot long. Computer modeling techniques based on the Josephoartigasia
Monesi's skull revealed that the rodents had a bite force of 3,600 pounds per square inch, or PSI, giving them a similar bite force of a saltwater crocodile. Thankfully, these colossal rodents weren't carnivorous killers. Scientists believed that
Josephoartigasia Monesi used their incisors for
biting nuts and wood, digging in the ground for food, or defending themselves from predators. And with those giant
horrors in their mouth, anything that messed with these guys would be sliced up in seconds. Suddenly, New York City's rat problem doesn't seem so bad now. Number 17, Megalania. Number 17, Megalania. About 2.5 million years ago,
the dusty plains of Australia were home to some real
terrors, but none could compete with the giant monitor
lizard, known as Megalania. Looking like a hulked-out
version of a Komodo dragon, these prehistoric predators could reach a whopping 23 feet long,
making them more than twice the size of their Komodo descendants. And, like Komodo dragons,
Megalania are believed to have harbored venomous
glands inside their jaw, that produced hemotoxin. When it attacked, Megalania's sharp, curved teeth would
pierce their prey's skin, before the hemotoxin entered
the victim's bloodstream. At this point, the venom
would act as an anticoagulant, preventing the prey's blood from clotting. This, in turn, would
rapidly decrease the prey's blood pressure causing systemic shock, and eventually death. So, what caused the downfall
of this super-massive lethal lizard? Researchers from the
University of Queensland recently dated a Megalania bone to be around 50,000 years old,
which is around the same time that humans first arrived in Australia. It's now believed that
humans could have had a hand in the Megalania's extinction. Whether man killed the giant
lizards to protect themselves, or overhunted their prey isn't known. What I do know, though, is
that somehow Australia - the land where just about
everything can kill you, could've been even more terrifying. Number 16, Thylacoleo Carnifex. Now, Australia's prehistoric
horrors don't end with the Megalania. The Thylacoleo Carnifex, is
an extinct marsupial lion that dominated the Australian wilderness between 2 million and 46,000 years ago. Fossil evidence shows
this wombat-lion hybrid measured in at around five feet long, about two and a half feet tall, and weighed around 220 pounds. This means that at their largest, they were about the same
weight as a modern jaguar, but slightly stockier. However, unlike jaguars,
Thylacoleo Carnifex weren't equipped with sharp canine teeth. Instead, these monstrous
marsupials had two pairs of giant incisors that they
used to stab and pierce the flesh of their prey. And it was quite the stab. Their bite force was comparable to that of a 500-pound African lion. This is thanks to their
enormous jaw muscles, which turned every tooth in
their mouth into a weapon. While their incisors
were used for piercing the flesh of their prey,
their molars were designed to crush their victim's windpipe and sever their spinal cord. If that wasn't bad enough,
these menacing marsupials had huge retractable thumb claws, used for disemboweling their kill. This metal hunting method would've helped these marsupial lions to kill large prey in less than a minute - 15 times quicker than an African lion. But, as with the Megalania,
their ferocious features couldn't prevent them from
falling into extinction, thanks to climate changes,
which gradually dried out their habitat and reduced the food supply. Wow, never thought I would be
thankful for climate change. Number 15, Gigantopithecus Blacki. Did you know bigfoot is real? Well...sort of. Prehistoric primates, known
as Gigantopithecus Blacki, that closely resemble bigfoot, roamed the forestland of Southern China roughly two million years ago. Exact size estimates
are highly speculative, because only tooth and
jawbones have been discovered, but even these are enough to estimate that they stood around 10 feet tall and weighed up to 1,200 pounds, making them about as twice as tall and nearly three times as heavy as silverback gorillas. Being located in Southern China, it's likely that bamboo
was a staple of its diet. Still, I wouldn't mess with these things, considering that even a silverback gorilla is strong enough to pummel
a human into mincemeat. The question is, what caused such a big, broad beast to go extinct? Well, because it was so big and broad. The Gigantopithecus Blacki
relied on chowing down on heaps of food to replenish itself. But, around 100,000 years ago, the changing climate
transformed more and more of its forested homeland
into savanna-like landscapes, greatly reducing the food
supply for these primates. But who knows, perhaps a few survived and walk among us to this day? It would certainly explain why your mom looks the way she does. Number 14, Daeodon. Number 14, Daeodon. By and large, pigs nowadays
are pretty harmless, but that's not always been the case. If we turn the clocks
back 23 million years ago, Daeodon, or 'dreadful pigs', were wreaking havoc in North America. This brute came in at
a massive 1,650 pounds, stood nearly six feet
tall at the shoulder, and was 10 feet long, giving
it a rhino-like build. However, unlike rhinos,
these guys didn't stick to eating vegetation. See those forward-facing
eye sockets designed to keep track of the prey they're chasing? Yeah, these pigs were predators. Recent research suggests that
due to their lack of claws, they took down their prey
by running alongside it, before ramming into it with brute force. Sort of like nature's
version of a cop chase. To make matters more disturbing,
these powerful piggies also came with canines that were some 10 inches long, designed for ripping flesh to pieces. Scientists believe that
Daeodon eventually went extinct around 20 million years ago, due to increased global temperatures, depleting both vegetation
and prey animals. And it's just as well. I mean, I kinda like pork
that won't try to eat me. Number 13, Spinosaurus. Number 13, Spinosaurus. What do you get if you mix
a crocodile with a T-Rex? If you answered
'nightmares', you're right! Because it'd probably
look like this monster that actually existed, otherwise
known as a Spinosaurus. Reaching lengths up to 59 feet and weighing a colossal 22 tons, this bulky beast is considered to be the largest carnivorous dinosaur to have ever walked the earth. But their meal preference wasn't usually terrestrial animals. Researchers believe that these dinos, hailing from North Africa,
were water dwellers that mainly snacked on
a feast of fishy food, including giant coelacanths,
sawfish, and lungfish. To help with this specialized diet, Spinosaurus evolved a
long crocodile-like snout, packed with horrifying,
six-inch-long conical teeth, adapted for piercing slippery fishy prey. It's not known exactly what
the sail made up of spines protruding from its
vertebrae was used for. Though it's theorized it could have acted like the dorsal fin of a fish
for stability in the water. But around 90 million years
ago, global warming dried up the North African marshlands. And, with their fishy feast gone, these giants weren't able
to adapt to eat other prey. I bet any swimmers watching
aren't exactly sad about that. Number 12, Purussaurus. Number 12, Purussaurus. From crocodile-like dinosaurs
to well...crocodiles! Crocs may look daunting enough as it is, but they're nothing
compared to the Purussaurus. This ravenous river giant once measured in at a head-spinning 35 feet long; that's the same size as a school bus. While it might not have been
the same height as one though, it was still twice as long
as a saltwater crocodile. Unsurprisingly, it needed to eat...a lot. Purussaurus went through roughly
90 pounds of food daily - 20 times the requirement for
the modern American alligator. And, if you're wondering
what exactly Purussaurus ate, the simple answer is...anything. From car-sized Stupendemys
turtles to giant ground sloths, the world was their buffet. Luckily for them, their
insatiable appetite was helped by their powerful bite. Paleontologists calculated
that the Purussaurus' bite was equivalent to exerting
11.5 tons of pressure, giving it a bite 20 times stronger than that of a great white. Jeez! And I thought "Jaws" was scary. Number 11, Utahraptor. Number 11, Utahraptor. If you've seen "Jurassic Park", you'll know just how scary
Velociraptors once were. But they're actually the
smaller cousin of Utahraptors. These bird-like dinosaurs
date back 125 million years, and stood up to 18 feet
long, making them the length of a standard shipping container, but with a killer instinct. To help with that killing, they came armed with a 15-inch claw on each foot. Just one kick from this bad boy was capable of slicing through an animal. And good luck trying
to run from these guys. Based on their slender legs
and the speed of dinosaurs of similar sizes, it's
believed that Utahraptors could run up to 30 miles per hour. Although fossilized feathers
haven't yet been found with Utahraptor bones,
paleontologists are confident that they had them based
on feather preservation in related dromaeosaurid species. So, there you have it; giant,
rapid, murderous chickens. Can't wait for the next film in the franchise, "Jurassic Coop". Number 10, Smilodon. Number 10, Smilodon. Whilst we're on the topic of movie stars, who could forget Diego the Sabretooth cat from the endless series
of "Ice Age" movies. Now, Diego may look cuddly on screen, but trying to snuggle up
to a real Sabretooth cat would have left you
with some serious scars. Smilodon, the most famous of
the Sabretooth cat species, lived in the Americas some
2.5 million years ago. The eight inch, fang-like
teeth sticking out of these big cat's mouths
look utterly terrifying, but these upper canines
aren't believed to have packed much of a punch. Computer scans of the fossilized
skulls of sabretooth cats revealed that they generated a
biteforce of just 220 pounds, which is only slightly
stronger than a human bite. To make up for this, the
Smilodon had proportionally longer front legs and a
much more muscular build, compared to big cats today. This would've helped them wrestle prey to the ground WWE style,
before pinning their head down and making a precise bite to the throat with their curved canines. But ferocious fangs
couldn't save the Smilodon from the effects of
climate change and humans, who overhunted the cat's prey, eventually leading to its
extinction 10,000 years ago. My condolences to all
the cat lovers watching. Number 9, Megapiranha. Number 9, Megapiranha. Walking on prehistoric
land would have been scary, but swimming in the rivers
would have been way worse. Around 8 to 10 million years
ago in the Late Miocene, you would've had the horror
of coming across Megapiranha in the rivers of South America. And, yes as the name suggests, these famously carnivorous fish were huge. How huge? They grew to an alarming 28
inches, over two feet long, more than double the
size of modern piranhas. They weighed around 22 pounds, making them four times heavier than the existing feisty fish. But size isn't the only thing
that made these fish scary. Based off the bite force
of living black piranhas, scientists estimate that the Megapiranha would've chomped down
with a staggering force of 1,000 pounds of force. That would give its bite the same whack of that of a small great white shark, despite the fanged fish only weighing one fortieth of a great white. All of a sudden, regular
piranhas don't seem so bad. Number 8, Cameroceras. Number 8, Cameroceras. So we now know wading
in prehistoric waters would have been a bad idea,
but it can always get worse, thanks to the ancient,
alien-looking Cameroceras. Cameroceras lived during
the Ordovician period, some 470 million years ago
and was an early cephalopod; a type of mollusk
classification that includes the more familiar octopus,
squid, and cuttlefish. The eye-catching feature
of this quirky character was its immense 36-foot-long shell, used to protect the Cameroceras main body. But, being a carnivore, how
exactly did this thing hunt? Despite their size, it's
believed that these cephalopods would lie horizontally,
patiently waiting for a victim. Then, when a marine
meal came close enough, they'd quickly ambush it. With their three-foot-long tentacles, it pulled prey into its massive maw, much like modern cephalopods. After hauling in its catch, like trilobites and sea scorpions, it would crunch their exoskeleton with its hard keratinous beak, before rasping out soft tissue
from within the prey's shell. Thankfully, the reign of
the Cameroceras was brought to an end around 443 million years ago, when the Late Ordovician mass extinction eliminated nearly 85%
of all marine species. Now I can swim without the fear
of having a giant cephalopod crush my skull like a walnut. Number 7, Megatherium Americanum. Number 7, Megatherium Americanum. Sloths are pretty small and cute, right? Well, astonishingly, their
ancestor Megatherium Americanum is the opposite of them
in almost every way. These giant sloths wandered
through South America between 400,000 and 8,000 years ago. They stood at an imposing 12 feet tall, and weighed in at a hefty four tons around the same weight as an elephant. And, if that wasn't bizarre enough, it's likely that Megatheriums
were hairless to prevent them from overheating. Man, they look rough! To make matters even worse, they came with seven-inch claws. Wow, these guys are really
cementing their place in my nightmares. Luckily, scientists don't
believe that Megatherium were carnivorous. Instead, it's likely that
their claws would've been used to swipe down tall vegetation. While it's currently not
clear whether their diet included some meat, it is
possible that they occasionally scavenged off carcasses. Some theories go even further,
speculating that Megatherium would actively hunt smaller herbivores by flipping them over and
slashing them open with its claws. But incredibly, scientists
believe that humans actually hunted these beasts. A killing site in Argentina revealed that around 12,000 years
ago, a group of humans hunted and killed a giant sloth before
leaving the animal's bones behind along with their butchering knife. In the end, human hunting and
the effects of climate change depleted their vegetation food source and wiped this mega-sloth
off the face of the earth. Number 6, Therizinosaurus. Number 6, Therizinosaurus. Now, the ground sloth may
have had some long claws, but those are nothing compared to what the Therizinosaurus sported. The 'scythe lizard' as it was known, lived in Asia some 70 million years ago. These dinos could grow
to a gangly 16 feet tall. But the most terrifying thing
about the Therizinosaurus wasn't its height, but its lengthy claws. These bad boys stretched over
one and a half feet long, making them the longest
claws of any animal ever. When these guys weren't impersonating Edward Scissorhands, they were using their lengthy appendages to pull vegetation within reach. Despite their crazy claws, it's believed that they
were strictly herbivores. This is down to their bipedal stance, which similar to other
herbivores of the time helped them reach further up into trees. Even still, I wouldn't
want to get into a fight with one of these things flailing their death claws at me. Sadly, for them, the
Therizinosaurus is believed to have perished in the
K-T mass extinction event. But thankfully, their long-clawed legacy still lives on today. Number 5, Platybelodon. Number 5, Platybelodon. As we've seen, some
prehistoric animal ancestors look pretty weird, and
that's definitely the case with the Platybelodon. This giant mammal lived in
Asia, Africa, and North America between 20 million and
8 million years ago. They're a genus of larger
herbivorous proboscidean mammals related, kinda obviously, to the modern day elephant. But alongside their trunk, Platybelodons had a strange
jaw that jutted out underneath. Fitted on the base of this lower appendage were a pair of widened tusks, which acted as modified incisors. The key question is, what's
the use of having a spork fitted to your mouth? It's been repeatedly imagined as the lower half of an extended mouth, housing a long tongue. But, in 1992, paleontologist David Lambert theorized that the
Platybelodon fed on plants and branches by cutting them away with their handy tool. They may look more funny than threatening, but modern elephants kill
up to 500 humans every year, that's without a fleshy spork
hanging from their mouth. Who knows the damage these
elephant-adjacent animals could do with that
curious cutlery appendage? Number 4, Quetzalcoatlus. Number 4, Quetzalcoatlus. Now, the Quetzalcoatlus
was a flying reptile, which was alive some 70 million years ago. And, after taking one look
at these winged nightmares, I wish they'd lived even
further back in time. There aren't many things more terrifying than the prospect of having a
16-foot-tall reptilian stork hunting you down. These terrors also came
with a 36 foot wingspan, making it the largest
flying creature ever. For some context, the
biggest wingspan found today is the 12 foot reach of
a wandering albatross. You can imagine these
gawky giants skimming the oceans off the coast
of North America in search of their next fishy meal. However, Quetzalcoatlus
fossils were found on land, 250 miles away from coastlines, with no indication of any
large rivers or lakes nearby during the Cretaceous
period, in which they lived. Instead, it's believed that
these birds chowed down on land animals. Their long, thin chopstick-like jaws made them effective at
pinpointing and plucking up smaller dinosaurs and
swallowing them whole. Man, and I thought birds
of prey were intimidating. These guys died off along
with the Therizinosaurus during a mass extinction
event 66 million years ago. So, luckily, we don't have to watch out for any giraffe-sized flying reptiles trying to guzzle us down today. Number 3, Rhamphorhynchus. Number 3, Rhamphorhynchus. But the winged nightmares aren't over. This flapping fright is
known as a Rhamphorhynchus, a flying reptile that soared
the skies of Europe and Africa, between 154 and 137 million years ago. Unlike the Quetzalcoatlus, these guys weren't
blessed with great size. Their wingspan was about six-feet-long, while their total body length
was only 20 inches long, making them pigeon-size,
albeit with wider wings. But what they lacked in size, they more than make up for in terror, because the jaws of Rhamphorhynchus were filled with needle-like teeth. Now, it may look like they
lost a fight with a thorn bush, but these terrifying teeth
served an important purpose. And that purpose was to
help these ravenous reptiles catch fish by dip-feeding. When the Rhamphorhynchus saw its prey, it would swim just above the water and lower its spiky bill
in, impaling and catching the super slippery fish in the process. And, with the prey skewered, the Rhamphorhynchus would've
swallowed it down in one. Nasty! If these guys ever miraculously
come back from extinction, just remember...never hand feed them. Number 2, Livyatan. Number 2, Livyatan. We've taken a deep dive into some of the more terrifying things
you can find in the water, but visually, very few are as
terrifying as the Livyatan. This 55-foot-long genus
of carnivorous sperm whale ruled the oceans off South America around nine million years ago. If its size alone wasn't daunting enough, they were also fitted with more than 40, 1
foot-2-inch-long teeth on their upper and lower jaws. With these, they could
easily tear apart their prey, giving them the largest
biting teeth of any animal to have ever lived. Unsurprisingly, Livyatan ate pretty much any large marine life,
but their go-to meal was 20 to 30 foot baleen whales. And for all their teeth, it's believed that these murder busses hunted with their forehead. They would've approached
their prey from underneath, before smashing into them,
like a battering ram, paralyzing their meal in the process. But that fat forehead may have
served another function too. As with modern sperm whales,
the Livyatan is believed to have had a spermaceti organ. Presuming that it has the same
function as it does today, these carnivores would've used it to emit high frequency sounds, acoustically stunning their prey. Eventually, the intense sound exposure would shut down the bodily
functions of the target. What a way to go. The Livyatan went extinct
over five million years ago, due to a cooling event at
the end of the Miocene Era, causing a reduction in
their food population. So, don't worry, you
can still sail the seas without worrying about Moby Dick's bigger, tougher brother taking you down. Number one, Megalodon. Number one, Megalodon. Oh, you thought nothing could beat the might of the Livyatan? Well, let me introduce
you to the Megalodon, a species of mackerel shark
that puts Jaws to shame. This 50-foot-long fish was
over three times the length of a great white shark. And these beefy boys were heavy too, weighing in at around 70 tons, which is equivalent to
roughly 10 elephants. On top of that, their jaws
could span over six feet wide, easily enough room for an entire human. And, inside their maw you'd
find 276 gigantic seven-inch, razor sharp teeth, primed
for tearing apart prey. If that wasn't enough, these
mega sharks are estimated to have had a bite force of
40,000 pounds per square inch. That's 10 times more powerful than the bite force of a great white. Swimming throughout the world's oceans between 20 million and
3.6 million years ago, they would've had to compete with the jumbo-sized Livyatan for food. If they did fight, you'd expect The Meg to make a decent dent in
the Livyatan's blubber. However, the whale's slightly bigger size and ingenious use of acoustic stunning may have given it an edge. But who knows? One thing's for certain, The Meg would eat a
human up like a sardine! So, how did this mega predator go extinct? Well, the climate changed dramatically around 3.6 million years ago. Temperatures dropped, and as a
result, the warm-water areas, where the sharks thrived became reduced, eventually leading to
this genus' extinction. And, let me tell you, I am mega-relieved. If you could bring one of
these harrowing horrors back from the dead, which would it be? Let me know in the comments
below, and thanks for watching. (gentle music)
