Custom Tools - Brazing & Welding

permit me to quick interjections would you I have a medical condition and go into withdrawal if I go too long between my interjections that last video got long the ring roller video got away long for the record I started to feel bad when I get to asking for more than 15 minutes of your time and at 30 minutes apparently I felt twice as bad but reception seems good so far I'm glad everyone's enjoying it there are some stuff I cut out of the ring roller video granted it was completely extraneous and debatable if I should even be mentioning it here but truth be told I wouldn't even thought to make this video if it weren't for some tooling I needed it in that one notice the lack of connection between those two statements anyway first a quick clarification the ring roller was built for two-speed operation I'm not quite sure if I said that out loud that's the whole point of the third gear in this second driveshaft this thing was born with the intention of being powered via that gear reduction I mean I spent enough time out here alone as it is the last thing I needed was a another thing to hand crank though it's still too fast for my drill if I'm careful with the trigger slow speed and the two-two-one torque gain I get works great one slip of the trigger and I can send metal shooting across my garage pretty fast on paper the numbers look good but in practice this wants to be maybe four to one twice is slow basically that'd be good but bigger gears would have made this well bigger as would have more gears so maybe one day I'll throw a small gear box on this for now I'll be careful with the drill or for bigger stuff you may actually see me hand crank this in future videos as much some might complain Hank rankings never let me down second and fair warning this is a bit out there so if you're just here for the fire feel free to skip ahead but the ring roller reminded me of an old joke I've never been able to figure out you remember not long ago I mentioned hell when I was a kid we'd basically be forced to check books out of the in school library and we got to talking about those science experiment books for kids and their relationship to child mortality rates well those weren't the only books I'd check out you see nuns ran my school iron fist kind of stuff we'd have to mix it up a bit the book I mean get us well-rounded I suppose not like there were a lot of options mind you from whatever call my standard fare apart from the science books were like spaced books you remember those comically oversized but only 10 paged full-color illustrated books of outer space stuff like this that ring a bell those and then there were the horror books but like the bad ones no other library wanted time life super spoopy story books yeah yeah no now to be honest I don't exactly remember how the stories went but I think they're always pretty much the same always that guy who narrowly escaped death by missing his ill-fated flight by less than a second all because he stopped to answer a wrong number call from someone who sounded like his dead puppy from when he was a kid then two days later on the anniversary of the death of his puppy of course like a plane engine falls out of the sky and kills him while he's over at a friend's place under their car trying to get a rusted exhaust hanger off when he didn't even want to be there in the first place and of course his friend turns out to be the ghost of some World War 2 airplane mechanic who just wasn't good at engines that or he got sucked into the engine was never seen again but you can still hear him dropping wrenches to this day those books [Applause] and of course there were the joke books let's not forget the joke books and this my friends is where our story begins mind you they were old you gotta remember I was I don't know seven and the book said joke on the cover and that counted is checking out a book write win win now of course I've forgotten all of those jokes except for one one rotten stinking joke I couldn't figure out then and frankly still can't figure out now it haunts me I tell you maybe it was a had to be their joke like back in the 20s everyone would have gotten it hey you know what anyone who could explain this to me satisfactorily wins a lifetime subscription to this channel how about that so imagine this you turn the page and are rewarded with a full-sized hand-drawn line art depiction of three grown men sitting in a bathtub you know one of those old cast-iron tubs with the legs and the three guys have big smiles on their faces and they're all holding some kind of bathing or bathtub accessory takes up the whole page underneath the drawing there's just a single question and the punchline what do you call the first person in the bathtub the ringleader hey hey hey now this was a children's joke book remember now I apologize if you get that and it's just not a funny joke I'm sorry if on the other hand you had to stop the video because you can't stop laughing please please explain it to me that joke has taken over my life ruined what should have been some of my most cherished moments I missed the birth of my children due to my mental absence as I continually try to process that joke okay so ringleader ring roller hopefully you see the connection there I don't want to dwell on it more than I have to let's bring this back in what I thought we'd chat about is making our own brace tooling now braze tooling in this video is a bit of a catch-all it's not all braised but I don't know what else to call it to be honest composite tooling maybe I'll be making two tools with this round stock one end will take the carbide which I think you've seen here before but we'll talk about it and the other end will use high speed steel which you can't braze not easily anyway but first little bit of background let's head over to the shaper in the last video in order to cut the key seats in the knurled rollers I had to make my own cutter because simply I just didn't have one of the right size this is high speed steel inserted onto a steel support in this case I couldn't use carbide carbide is just simply too brittle for the violent interrupted cuts you get on a shaper it would have just broken like glass so I had a couple of options first I could shape a piece of solid high speed steel but what a pain that would be I mean that's a lot of grinding to do to get this shape out of this round second I could have made it out a tool steel just like we did with the Acme tap in that case I could mill it the shape which is a lot faster but that would require hardening or heat treating instead attaching just a small piece like this I don't have to waste a ton of high speed steel since it's really just a small piece placed exactly where I need it on the tool and it's easier to form again because it's small and I picked the pea size speed steel that's close to the shape that I was open to grind now pulling something like this off in the home shop is really what I'd like to talk about is sort of the impetus for this video but let's take it a step at a time we'll start with brazing carbide I get that question a lot and then we'll tackle the high speed steel let's head back to the bench brazing carbide or brazing anything in general isn't that hard to do if you use the right stuff and get the joints nice clean and well fitted here are a couple examples I just had in reaching distance one is a small lathe tool and the other is a scraper both have carbide brazed onto their business ends both of you see a heck of a lot of force when they're in use I mean just look at that scraper breeze that's a very thin albeit long butt joint there's not a lot of braze cross-section there and I personally have never had one of these things come off my apologies now at the risk of insulting your intelligence breezing is not welding it's more like soldering than it is welding hotter than soldering but not as hot as welding in welding materials are fused they melt and run together usually with addition of some type of filler the filler being the same as the base metal you're trying to weld or metallurgically compatible and in welding once everything is melted and run together as it cools it becomes one solid homogeneous thing you did it right in brazing however the parts don't melt like the two parts you're trying to join don't melt only the brazing out lawyer the filler does and flows through the joint creating a strong mechanical bond just like soldering or sweating copper pipes it's like really strong glue fun fact if done correctly brazing can be just as strong as welding this silver breeze in particular the one we'll be using here can hit I don't know 50 60 maybe even 70 thousand psi that's a heck of a lot of psi s for a non fusion weld before TIG welding I think airplane frames were all braised maybe they still are I mean what do I look like an airplane ologist breezing is also a lot easier to automate than welding you just clamp up your parts with a little bit of flux and some brazing alloy in there just run it through some machine induction heater or some flames it doesn't need like some million dollar robot with surgical precision to get in there with all 3d fancy dance moves with a TIG or a MIG gun it's also lower temperature so there's potentially less Distortion the list goes on but let me get set up to weld our little tool here I'll show you all the stuff we need we'll get this thing together it's not gonna braise itself with you guys just running your mouth hold out a little bit of stuff here I want to confuse anyone but just thought we could lay some groundwork make some distinctions on the left is everything I need for silver brazing there's a torch flux and brazing rod or wire in this case on the right there's stuff you'd use for soldering again flux and in this case silver solder just to help confuse the matter now for soldering you'd be using some kind of propane torch most likely you wouldn't want to use the oxy acetylene torch shown on the left that's filler for silver brazing and that's filler for silver soldering the difference bluntly is about 200 bucks honestly I'm not sure how much this stuff cost but I can tell you it was expensive when I bought it probably $100 for three feet of that brazing wire I thought it was 50 percent silver but there's a giant 45 on the front so I'm gonna go with 45 percent and the price can vary with whatever the value silver happens to be compared to I don't know 15 20 bucks for half a pound of this stuff this has less than 5% silver in probably two or three okay this just in out of curiosity I check the prices this is Harris Safety Silve 45:31 McMaster lists it for almost 80 bucks though I also got a result from Amazon for the same thing 45 31 it looked to be about the same size 231 grams was 20 bucks now I know McMaster can be a little expensive but that seems excessive to me be sure to pay close attention to the product description before laying at your money I do remember this stuff being expensive but heck if I can get it for 20 bucks that's a game-changer silver solder in case you're wondering is used for high strength or higher strength joints on copper pipe it's usually called hardened soldering I think you can't use silver solder to do silver brazing and don't quote me on this but technically I think the difference between soldering and brazing is the temperature that the filler melts at maybe under 800 degrees is soldering that seems hot but let's say 800 for now and hotter than that you're getting into brazing again mechanically they're exactly the same thing like the bond physically works exactly the same it's just that the filler is melt at different temperatures the filler materials partner-in-crime is the flux again this is for silver brazing and that's for soldering now this stuff is specifically for brazing to carbide carbide and nickel alloys I think and is generically called black flux this is superior well you can read that part number there as opposed to what's usually called white flux which would be for steel stainless steel copper that sort of thing this isn't too bad I think this cost somewhere south of 20 bucks and in the home shop it lasts a heck of a long time well granted I don't know what you're doing with it maybe you're slick in your hair back every morning but if you're using it just for the occasional tool braze it lasts a long time both of these fluxes do exactly the same thing just at different temperatures they prevent the base metals from oxidizing when you heat them up you know when you heat up metal with your torch and it gets all nasty it helps to prevent that so that the filler will actually stick and not just beat up and roll off they also help the filler to kind of wet out and fill the joint if your filler is just pouring out during the weld and it just won't stick you have the wrong flux or you've gotten the flux to hot and it can't it's job this stuff works too about fifteen or sixteen hundred degrees probably even higher and this stuff is good to four or five or six hundred degrees this would vaporize before your silver alloy even started to think about melting I hope that doesn't confuse anyone mixing in this whole silver solder business but I just wanted to clarify let me get rid of this stuff and we'll get set up for brazing number one rule in brazing just like welding and I guess soldering too and gluing heck number one rule in life is just get everything clean you should feel comfortable eating off of it unless you fluxed it don't eat the flux the tool shaft or the support is clean I just machined and filed it some fine sandpaper wouldn't hurt but for now I want to get this carbide it works much better if you get bright shiny surfaces up and for carbide of course I'm using diamonds there's the before there's the after I'll do both sides the joint could stand to be a little better maybe a little bit of a snugger fit heck probably a lot better but this should work once happy we can apply some flux can use a brush or whatever I just happen to add this piece of filler wire handy good liberal coating never hurt this stuff is a little bit dried up you know somewhere in gloves glasses are also strongly recommended I'm pretty sure I already said it but it can't hurt this is some nasty stuff don't get it in your eyes or in your piehole if you want to go crazy you can clean off some of the excess I found that the silver only really wants to wet where there's flux so if you don't want this whole thing coated and silver just don't flux the whole thing taking some care can just help to get a better looking braze joint if that sort of thing is important for what you're doing this flux doesn't get used all that often and when I do use it I don't need much it has dried up a bit but if I break through the delicious crust I can get to the creamy filling and that's still working well if it gets much worse it can be broken up and reconstituted with some water but that's it the joints ready to weld you could do this in your advice of course I just put a hole in this wooden block it's easier to film not to mention the fact that my vise is currently hidden under 50 pounds of junk now for heat I'm going to be using oxy acetylene I think that's really what you want for silver brazing for something small though I've never tried it you may be able to get away with like map gas stuff that comes in the yellow bottles you'd have to check the temperature rating I'm not sure but for small stuff you may be able to get away without using oxy acetylene yeah typically you want a much larger tip than this again depends on the size of work you're doing you don't want the same kind of flame you'd use for welding you want a big soft easygoing flame remember we just want to get the bass parts hot we don't want to melt them once they're red-hot I just add the silver make sure it's flowing through the whole joint you should have the whole part up the temperature and it'll sort of flow itself you don't want to melt the filler the solder or the silver with the flame and you could sort of preheat it a little bit but you want the base material to melt it so there it is it's still pretty hot so I'm not going to touch it I don't know where all that blue came from it looks pretty alright for the record this is a stainless steel rod and of course a carbide insert next I just need to clean this flux up as is it's not the prettiest looking thing in the world yeah with this black flux hot water and a wire brush should clean it up pretty good though I will admit to having wire wield these things once or twice in my time to get the stubborn stuff off cleaned up pretty good I got most of it off with hot water I did wire brush it with hot water and some vigorous scrubbing the flux sort of washes away when it's cold it's like glass on the wire wheel it just sort of slowly chips away breaks away the silver seemed to flow well I see it coming out every side there it didn't fill the bottom that's where the end mill left around had i milled this standing straight up with a flat bottom I would have gotten a bond all the way around but again for demonstration purposes they have it and as an added bonus I managed to braise this tool without using up my entire roll of silver now this isn't a real tool again this was just for demonstration I mean it would certainly work I guess you could put it on the lathe and use it as a well maybe an OD tool facing to land a chamfering tool it would need a little bit of sharpening of course but in that case it would have been smarter to put it on a like a square shaft in fact it kind of looks like a drill doesn't it in fact hold on a minute I'll be right back here's a masonry drill bit basically the same exact thing that we just made let's move on to the high speed steel oh and fun fact number two I think we're up to two if the area of that braze is I don't know a quarter inch quarter inch square between the two sides and that silver braze is good to 60,000 psi to pick a number the force keeping this carbide into this shank is almost 4,000 pounds 2,000 kilograms now granted if you bump this carbide into your tool post while you're trying to install this would shatter into 14 pieces but that one last piece that was still braised into the shank 4000 pounds so here's the other half of the piece of stainless from before it's the other half of this tool I just took it over to the mill and cut a slot in the end [Applause] and here's a piece of high-speed steel I just cut off the parting tool we saw earlier just used a zip disk and cleaned it up on the belt grinder you may have already guessed this will fit here now I know I said earlier you can't braze high speed steel that's not entirely true you can braise high speed steel it's just a lot trickier to do you see the carbide in the case of this other tool has much higher resistance to heat high speed steel not so much at least not when we're talking oxy-acetylene you can get it hot enough to get the silver brazing to flow without damaging the high speed steel but sheesh with oxy-acetylene it'd be really easy to just let that get out of hand and you just ruin your piece of high speed steel now you can buy the good stuff the higher quality high speed steel that has a higher like I guess annealing temperature gives you a little bit more breathing room but you still need to be careful if you're doing this in an automated setup like an induction heater you can program for power and time it's not a problem at all to braze high speed steel but with a torch I don't know you're really pushing your luck now fortunately there's another way to attach high speed steel and there you have it now of course with TIG welding where it's welded the high speed steel is absolutely obliterated but if you get in there quick weld and get out without having to soak the whole piece the high speed steel up at the cutting edges is perfectly fine yeah it made this to look like a shaper tool this is how I made the shaper tool just for continuity sake but in both these cases you certainly could put on whatever shape high speed steel or carbide you need for the work you need to do maybe this is round on round or round on square you put this in the center instead of offset to one side this could maybe be turned into some kind of a light duty form cutter if you have some odd shape you need to route on the end of some part or maybe a dovetail and aluminum or brass or something or make a really small hand axe you know sky's the limit it's curious TIG welding high speed steel to make a tool was sort of the premise for this video it took all about three minutes alright well there you have it maybe you already knew all of that maybe you picked up something you liked we could talk about custom tooling until the cows come home but I promised my kid is carbide tips Nerf dart by noon so I got to wrap this up thanks for watching

Channel: This Old Tony

Views: 916,883

Rating: 4.9070401 out of 5

Keywords: brazing carbide, silver brazing, silver soldering, black flux, brazing HSS, brazing high speed steel, cemented tools, custom lathe tool, custom tool, milling, turning, home shop, machining

Id: PCGBISlVKMM

Length: 21min 0sec (1260 seconds)

Published: Fri Mar 16 2018

Reddit Comments

[u/dogmonkey94]

I’m guessing the ring leader punch line is how when the tub is drained it leaves a ring along where the water line was.