Collision Avoidance Nav Rules

hello Sailors I'd like to introduce Captain Roger benzow who will present this webinar this webinar is called the collision avoidance webinar and presented here it's through the Maryland school of sailing and it's about what we call the rules of the road or the navigation rules which are commonly known as the rules of the road many of you already know a lot of these rules because you've been out there sailing and because you you're you've been out driving on the road I'd like to present that Captain through slides that lot of the rules for driving are similar to the ones on the road we St sign Captain Robert or yellow lights for caution a green light means to go of course uh blue lights are have to do with flashing blue lights with law enforcement we use sound signals on on a car on on the road and also on the water and when you get to a intersection that's uncontrolled uh the vessel to the right has to ride away again on the road restricted visibility we turn our lights on if you're on a two-line road a narrow road keep to the right if you're on a freeway similar to a traffic separation scheme on the water traffic Flows In One Direction and we also use various signals to uh indicate our changing lanes or our intent to change directions so you see there's a lot of stuff on on the road that you already know for on the water well here's a true story about a sale of shrimp boat that was offshore off of in Florida it is sailing with or motoring with its Outriggers out because this Sprint boats a lot more stable uh but it does make it a little harder for it to turn and maneuver well he spots the sailboat off his starboard it's going to cross his bow he thinks the sailboat's going to change course and pass to his Stern but un announced it it does not it just keeps on coming he shines a spotlight over on the sailboat and there's no one on Deck so he's assuming that it's on autopilot but now they're getting really close so he turns hard over sounds his horn and up Pops four guys from down below looking at him and as this shrimpboat passes Close Quarters to the sailboat he demasked one of his Outriggers demasked the sailboat after which This Crew yells back at him sailboats have the right away well the rules of the road here we have some questions that come up was The Shrimp Boat engaged in fishing did the sailboat have the right away was the sailboat a vessel not under command was the shrimp booat a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver and was the sailboat required to have a lookout we see some new terms here not under command restricted ability maneuver and we're going to be getting into the rules and we're going to answer all these questions along with who had the responsibility to avoid this accident between the shrimp boat and the sailboat well by the time we get to the end of the webinar here I think you'll already have the answers to all these questions we're going to start out by an overview here looking at the purpose of the rules the book The two sets of rules we'll talk about that and what separates them and then take a look at the various parts a b c and d which cover the general rules steering and sailing rules lights and shapes and sounds and signals the whole purpose of these rules of the road is to prevent a collision iion in other words collision avoidance something we definitely want to avoid well to to achieve this goal the Coast Guard has come up with the navigation rules it's a written book about 38 different rules they're commonly known as the rules of the road and it states in this paragraph in the annex that any vessel that is 12 M or 39.4 Metter or feet long is required to have a copy of it on board now this is going to be changing the Coast Guard has made a proposal to that require that all vessels 16 feet or more carry a copy of the rules they are very involved very daunting so uh having a copy on board certainly helps you uh keep track of what the rules are and as we go through this uh it may seem a little daunting to you the amount of stuff we get into especially the rule 24 on Tugboat rules you may not have seen a lot of these lights but U hang in there we're going to get through them and uh at the end of the webinar we have U some uh links that you can go to for applications on iPhones or uh Android phones or just on your internet so the navigation rules apply uh upon the vessel's location that's what separates the two sets of rules we have the international Rule and we have the Inland rules for the most part both of these sets of rules read almost the same but there are some exceptions and we'll see that as we go through here so what separates the two rules it's what we call the colg demarcation lines it's written in the sets uh rule book itself separation between the Inland international waters well what is defined as International inter and in land Waters we showed the example here of a in this Mississippi sound where I used to sale in buuy Ship Island and Horn Island there's a magenta line on the chart itself called the de col RGS demarcation line and here's an example of how it's written in the rule in Annex 5 well any waterers that are Inland rules your shoreward of that line is Inland rule the international rules apply to any waterers seaward of the intern Co RGS demarcation line in some areas uh this demarcation line may be as close as 50 fet from your Shore so you don't have to be you know 10 miles 12 miles out offshore to be in the in uh seaword the international rules May be just a short distance from from where your boat is docked so the best thing to do is check your chart see where the demarcation line is and then know which rule applies to the water that you're sailing in I'm going to start out by taking a look at part A here the application of the rules its responsibility and general definitions rule one is application has to do with both International Inland Waters we Define the international waters as upon the high seas and connecting Waters navigable by seago vessels it's on the high seas is a key word for the international rules and then the Inland Waters uh include all us Waters short of that demarcation line the great lakes in the US portion because you know if you're in the Great Lakes area you have the Canadian side so you have to find the line that puts you on the US side then the Mississippi Rivers and Western Rivers so if you're uh shower of the demarcation line then the Inland rules apply rule two has to do with responsibilities between vessels uh nothing in in these rules uh will relieve you from your obligation to prevent a collision there are no excuses however you do get a get out of jail card if the other vessel is not doing what it's supposed to then you can depart from the rule to avoid that immediate danger and vessels are required to deviate from the rules if necessary to avoid any immediate danger So to avoid that Collision then you can break the rules here we're going to Define all the different kinds of vessels that are you may encounter and that are included in the definition under the Coast Guard rules first off a vessel is anything that's on the water used for transportation the power booat rowboat canoes sea planes and sailboats and yes even sea planes are part of the rules of the road because a portion of their landing and taking off they're actually a vessel on the water maybe airboats hovercraft and even submarines did we say anything we used on Transportation on the water we're going to first here Define what a u power boat is it's one that is propelled by some form of Machinery be it an outboard motor an inboard big or small working or pleasure if it's moved by a prop in the water then it's considered to be a power driven vessel next we take a look at a sailing vessel it's defined as a sailing vessel when it's strictly under sails only if a sailboat puts its engine on and is engaged the transmission engaged then he falls under the power driven vessel definition engaged in fishing this one is always a little bit confusing we're going to Define it here this morning under the rules engaged in fishing is a vessel that has multiple lines or Nets trolls or other fishing gear and apparatus which does to the extent restrict its maneuverability these are generally the commercial boats shrimp boats loggers crab boats trollers in buuy we had a lot of shrimp boats so they were engaged in fishing and this is by the definition of the rule while their Nets are out or their line lines are out when they're actually engaged in fishing if they are strictly motoring from the dock out to the fishing field uh then they're nothing but a motorboat they have to actually be engaged in that fishing well how about the six-pack guys the you and your buddy that goes out fishing and you are trolling with your lines this does not give you the uh designation as a engaged in fishing vessel because it does not restrict your maneuverability like it would a commercial boat so the recreational boers with their lines trolling trolling is the key word here they do not get the designation as a fishing vessel again C planes are part of it and generally they have to keep clear of all the waters and other other vessels that are on the water uh when they land they have more visibility of where vessels are at so they can land uh safely away from everyone not under command this may be a new term for many of you it's a nuke vessel it has designation by some unusual or exceptional circumstance which keeps this boat from keeping out of the way of other vessels an example of this would mean be it lost its steering obviously it can't keep out of the way or it may have lost its engine so either case Lost Engine lost steering gets the designation of a nuke vessel not under command next we have the definition of a ram vessel or restricted inability to maneuver the key word here a ram vessel is based on the nature of its work these are working type vessels such as vessel laying Cable ONE servicing aids to navigation the Coast Guard is responsible ible for that a dredge mine clearing M sweeping vessel or a vessel transferring people or cargo tied together these are all considered to be restricted in ability to maneuver they're anchored they're tied down or they can't just quit what they're doing so they get the designation of a ram vessel a tugboat pushing barges is not uh given the designation as a ram vessel except when there's a special circumstance and we'll get into that in in a little bit but typically the tugboat and toe booat or tug pushing toes is not given the designation as a ram vessel underway the way to find in the book is you're noted anchor you're not mored or you're not a ground so you're underway you throwing off your lines at the dock you're getting ready to leave so you're underway then making way is defined as moving through the water with some form of propulsion motor on your Sails are up so you're moving you're making a wake or you're making a wave behind you and then there may be a circumstance where you're not moving you're underway but not moving it's called drifting so you're not making way the sailboat the wind has died so you're sitting there you don't have an engine you can't maneuver can't keep out of the way of other aircraft or if you're a power boat your engine's turned off then obviously you cannot make way so you could be underway making way or underway not making way Insight is when you can see the other vessel obvious uh observe it with your eyes and restricted visibility is due to any of these conditions fog falling snow rain sandstorms any of these would be considered restricted visibility here may be a new one for many of us is constrained by draft a CBD vessel that's a very large vessel it has to be a power driven vessel to get that designation and it's also an international rule only there are no in U constrained by draft vessels under the in Inland rules next we're going to take a look at subpart one the steering and sailing rules and it comprises these rules 5 through 10 the lookout the save speed risk of coll Collision what do you do action to be taken by to avoid a collision the narrow channels and then the traffic separation schemes so you see already we're we're seeing the regular rules of the road driving coming into play in the on the water rules five has to do with a lookout every vessel at all times shall have a lookout may include sight seeing with your eyes or binoculars hearing it on the VHF radio and if you have operational radar then you must use it Al keep in mind that radar is a supplement to the lookout the human eyeball the eyeball does not replace the lookout so you can't turn your radar on have vessel avoidance uh capability on your radar and go down below and and not be watching what's going on you have to physically have a body with eyeballs on at the operating station or on deck if it's foggy then your Lookout should be posted low down low and forward as possible uh to observe or hear any oncoming vessels in in the fog condition every vessel should have a lookout that's rule five well the question comes up what about that single-handed longdistance sailboat racer one person on board the vessel sailing around the world obviously they have to sleep go down below and eat well they're busted because they don't get that free get out of jail card because they are violating rule five well that's what happens next we take a look at rule six the safe speed how fast should you be going well you have to proceed at safe speed at all times it should be where you can take proper and effective action to avoid a collision and stop within a distance based on the existing circumstances and conditions some of these conditions may be fog restricted visibility so you're GNA have to want to slow down based on the density of how many other boats are in in a narrow channel or adjacent to you how well does your boat maneuver versus the other vessels around you at night the presence of background lights uh this was a picture in in buuy uh a lot of cinos a lot of lights and sometimes the Stop and Go lights will start looking like navigation lights and also the state of the wind conditions current and maybe surrounding object is going to dictate the amount of speed that you should be using and also the draft of Your Vessel next we take a look at risk of collision rule seven so every vessel must see or must use at all times means available to determine if the risk of collision exist if there's any doubt then assume that it does there are a number of rules in the book that allow you to uh an inou situation if and then you can make an assumption you always assume to the conservative and to the safe side if it exists and Compass Course U bearing to another vessel does not change appreciatively then the risk of collision exists so the formula is constant bearing decreasing range you're going to collide here's a little model of that if your boat and the other boat are on a constant bearing and then that range between you is going to start to close to the point where you're going to collide with each other and you get to talk to the insurance company so how do you avoid those collisions for rule a addresses that condition action to take you want to make it of course in enough time and must not result in another Close Quarter situation in other words make your change but don't change the course so that you end up getting closer to the other vessel and always use a good seamanship because you don't want to have a near miss or Too Close you want to make large course changes or large speed changes if you make just a small course change it may not be obvious to the other vessel so turning 20 30 40 degrees it's going to be obvious to them that you've changed course if you slow way down your bow is going to go down if you're on a power boo it's hard to slow down on a sailboat but um anyway if you can make speed changes then it becomes obvious to the other vessel if you need more time to assess the situation you can do a number of things you can slacken your speed you can take all your way off go right to neutral back down or even reverse your engines but you want to reduce or slow to Bare steerage way but also consider the current and the wind so that you can maintain control of your vessel and you don't drift off into the other vessel this brings us to rule nine the narrow channel channels most places from marinas going out to open Waters there may be a Channel or a fairway so the rule states that number one you don't anchor in these channels sorry boys you're in the wrong spot these these fellas love to do this they in buuy Anchor there you don't see the green marker there the channel marker but that head wall there is a Marina and next thing is land so that is the green side and or the side of the channel could be green or red but uh that is a channel there so they obviously should not be anchored in there you want to stay as far to the starboard side going out and coming back in so it's green green light going and red on return and many of us have heard the term red right returning so your right right side of your boat is returning on the red side of the channel red markers there may be vessels that can't leave the channel because of their draft so if you're less than 20 meters or a sailing vessel you should not impede any other traffic that can only be in that Fairway or that channel I want to address here for a second the as I'm showing here on this Slide the giveway and standon we really don't talk about those two that's rule 16 and 17 until we get down the road here a little bit but the definition of the standon is that vessel maintains his course in speed and the giveway vessel the one that has to go around to avoid the Collision uh has to change course or change speed to avoid that but we'll Define that a little more in rule 16 and 17 and some of you may have been around for a while where standon giveway is an old there's a new term previously it used to be the standon was the privileged vessel and the giveaway vessel was designated as the burden vessel so you may have heard those terms privileged and burden and the Coast Guard changed that to stand on and give way so that's the new terminology we'll use throughout the seminar or the webinar if you're a fishing vessel you can fish in these channels because some of them may be fairly wide or dragging your nets across it as long as you do not impede the traffic of other vessels that are in that channel so if you're a fishing vessel in there you have to give way to allow the other vessels to proceed seed you can cross the channels as long as you do it quickly uh but you cannot again impede other traffic that's in there if you're crossing the channel Inland rules on a river crossing the vessels that are going upbound or downbound ascending or descending the river have the RightWay over a Vel that's crossing the river so the crossing vessel is the giveway and the vessels that are proceeding upbound or downbound are the standon vessels and two vessels that are going up down up downbound the one that's going with the current The downbound Vessel has the rideway over the upbound vessel this is rather obvious because the current is pushing that vessel down the river and he won't have as much control as as the one that's going upbound so the downbound is the standon and the upbound is the giveway vessel sometimes you have a condition where there is a tall building the seaw wall and it's in a Channel or Fairway situation and you're not sure there's a blind spot here with the other vessel if there's another vessel coming what you do is on the bend or the River or the obstruction you sound one prolonged blast which is four to six seconds and the other vessel hearing that prolonged blast responds equally with a prolonged blast and then once they're within sight of each other then they use the appropriate one short or two short depending on how they're going to pass port or Starburst side this brings us to rule 10 which is the traffic separation scheme this is like being on the freeway you have divided Waters with several zones the outbound inbound Lane and a median in between just like the freeways so you have a traffic lane in down and the vessel proceeds into Port you have a median or traffic separation zone in between it and then you have the traffic lane the outbound going from the port to the Sea on the opposite side inbound Lanes outbound Lanes referred to as the traffic separation scheme and then typically on smaller vessels if you don't need to use it avoid it by a wide margin because these channels or traffic separation schemes are intended for large vessels cargo vessels shipping vessels large military vessels so you really want to stay away from them as much as possible there are some even uh here's an example of one in the thimble sh channel uh it's restricted uh the size of vessels over here on this description it says a vessel has to be at least 42 feet in draft to even be in this channel so you can see that it's large vessels in there so if you see one of these generally on the chart it'll have a restricted note here and you can go to your Coast pilot and read up on what is the restriction and if you can be in there or if you can't be in there for those vessels that shouldn't be in there they have what they call inshore traffic zones they're on either side of the traffic separation scheme so you can use that to uh maneuver uh those areas safely maybe sailboats or fishing boats or vessels that are under 20 meters would be in the in inshore traffic Zone area you do not want to Anchor in these traffic separ sear ation schemes or in the entrance zones or exit zones of them and if you must cross the traffic separation scheme you want to do it at a right angle which is the shortest distance and be very fast about it this brings us to subpart two has to do with conduct the vessels inside of one another that covers any of these vessels here we see them sailing vessel rule 12 then overtaking head on and Crossing situation 13 14 and 15 have to do with power- driven vessels and then we take a look at 16 what you do as a giveway vessel 17 the action by The standon Vessel and then rule 18 which we commonly call the pecking order responsibilities between the various vessels so we'll start looking at rule 12 here I'm going to assume that many of you are Sailors because you're on the Maryland school webinar but we'll Define some of these just to make sure we all understand it rule 12 deals with sailing vessels inside of one another if the wind is on different sides so you're on a different tack port and starbo Tack or the wind's on the same side you're both on the same tack then we have the in doubt rule if you're say uh sailing vessel on a port tack you see another vessel Windward of you and you're not sure what he's at what type of attack he's on then you're the giveway vessel taking a look at that the wind on the different sides starboard attack Bo has the right away one's on a port tack one's on a starboard so way of thinking about this starboard is standon and then the tack boat is the giveway vessel and of course that is defined as which side the wind is coming on this side the boat is at a the wind's hitting the port side so he is the giveway vessel this boat here the wind's on starboard side so he is the standon vessel you might look at this in relationship with the lights on the boat if the wind's coming on the green side you're the stand on if the wind's coming on your red light then you are the giveway Windward and Leeward the winds on the wiard ward side if you're closest to the wind you're the winter boat and if you're further down wind then you're the lured boat so the term winard and lard defines the second part of rule 12 and the boat uh that is closest to the wind is the giveway vessel the windward boat and then the lward boat is the standon vessel this is two boats with the Wind on the same side and it could be could take both be on a sarber tack or a port Tack and then this is the third part of rule 12 if you're on a port Tack and you see another vessel Windward of you you're just not sure what tack he's on and then you become the giveaway vessel sailing vessel with her engine on is a give a Wessel to a sailing vessel because once you have your engine on as a sailboat then you are a power V vessel and under rule 18 then you have to become the giveway vessel and you see this little cone here with the Apex down indicating that's a day signal we're going to talk about these in a little bit at you're a sailboat with your engine on when is a sailboat The giveway Vessel there's this little pneumonic that I've come up with with called P P stands for Port if you're a port tax sailboat you give way to the star attack sailboat if you're a sailboat overtaking another vessel then you be come the giveway vessel if you're the windward sailboat then you give way to the lward sailboat the p here's the picture in San Diego Wednesday night lots of race boats going on all the clubs and yacht clubs are out there with all their racing boats just enjoying the evening well the question comes up do racing boats have their RightWay over non racing sailboats which rule prevails you have the racing rules and you have the navigation rules well the navigation rules Trump the racing rules the navigation rules always proceed uh are higher than any other the racing rules next we come into the overtaking situation and this is overtaking it could be sailboat or power boat it's defined as not if you're more than 22 and a half degrees of ba or behind her beam 22 and half degrees of ba to beam uh graphically way that's depicted is this Zone you have from the stern of Your Vessel 22 and a half degrees B the beam on both sides this zone right here if you are in this Zone then you become the giveway vessel another way of looking at that it's the same uh Arc of visibility of your Stern Light so if you're behind and you all you see is the Stern Light then you or the vessel it's in an overtaking situation if you were to see partially if you're over here partially of the green and part of the of the white light then you can still assume that you are in an overtaking situation but if it's all within this Zone here then it's definitely uh you're an overtaking vessel and the overtaking vessel gives way to the one being overtaken it's like being on the highway in the passing zone any vessel overtaking another shall keep clear of the vessel being overtaken you go either side you're the giveway The Vessel that's being overtaken is the stand on the tail booat overtaking a power boat is still a giveway even though it's um Ro rule 18 says that that most cases the power boat shall give way to the sailboat but in the under rule 13 if you are a sailboat overtaking a powerboat then you have to follow Rule 13 and be the giveway vessel sailboat vessel overtaking the sailboat now here rule 12 doesn't apply because you're overtaking it looks like both of these vessels are on the same tack so if they were further uh weren't if he wasn't within that zone 22 and a half degrees of B the beam right here then he would not be the giveway vessel but if he's in that zone 22 and a half degrees of B the beam then he's an overtaking situation and he has to give way to this other sailboat any vessel being overtaken should of course hold their course in speed so that the other vessel can maneuver around it safely next we move on to head- on situations vessels meeting each other bow to Bow this again is a power Vision uh power boat rule to avoid the Collision you Al course to starbo and pass port to port that's the protocol of rule 14 remember in in this case on rule 14 there are no giveway or no standon vessels in this one they're both giveway vessels so each has to alter course and then pass safely port to port this is about one of the only rules where neither vessel is to stand on vessel they're both giveway vessels Crossing situation power driven vessel or crossing so to invoke the risk of the Collision The Vessel which has the other on her starboard side shall keep clear in other words The Vessel to the right has the right away let stop here a second look at this remember the red and green red is St green is go if you're in this vessel and you see the red light of the other vessel which is right of you then you stop if you are in this vessel and you see the green light which means you get to go so the lights also help you in this Crossing situation understand what your responsibility is you're on the right you're in the right stand on vessels should hold their course in speed and the giveway vessel should avoid Crossing ahead of the other vessel you don't cross the bow of another vessel again on the Inland rule if you're crossing a river you are the way vessel and allow this ascending and descending uh vessels on the river to proceed this brings us to the action by the giveway and the standon we've already addressed some of this and then the responsibility between vessels 16 The giveway Vessel should take early and substantial action to keep clear of the other vessel again avoid Crossing ahead of the other vessel standon vessel shall maintain her course and speed andless the uh action by The giveway Vessel uh L The giveway Vessel has not taken sufficient action then rule two applies here and you do what you have to to avoid the Collision if the giveway vessel has not taken appropriate action the same thing applies you take action to avoid the Collision when action by The giveway Vessel alone cannot avoid the Collision then take uh maneuver away from it The standon Vessel must take a change course to avoid that Collision this brings us to rule 18 responsibility between vessels earlier we defined all the various vessels and here's a little memory jogger that may help you keep these vessels straight in your mind new rods catch fish so purchase some each of those letters stands for one of the various types of Le vessels that's in the find in the pecking order new is for not under command the nuke vessel R is for restricted in ability to maneuver the ram vessel then constrained by draft that's the large vessels international waters only and then the fishing vessels while they're engaged in fishing and then the sailing vessels and then the power vessels and then the sea planes so we see the sea planes is at the very bottom of the pecking order so the only way I teach this one is if you put your finger on the vessel you are say you're a sailboat then you give way to everything above you and if you're the sailboat then the vessels Below have to give way to you so here you're the giveway here you the stand on commonly refer it to as a pecking order this brings us to rule 19 which is the conduct of vessels in restricted visibility and if you recall the definition earlier we looked at the definition as restricted visibility is fog snow rainstorm sandstorms anything uh that can cause restricted visibility so vessels operating in or near restricted visibility you don't have to be in the fog uh shown here if you're in Clear Water clear sky here the fog may be over here somewhere and there may be other vessels in there so if you're in it or near it then rule 19 applies so you have to proceed at a safe speed power driven vessel should have her engine on ready for immediate maneuver if you have radar on here you can detect where other vessels are determine if a close quarter situation is developing or that risk of collision that does exist so you can take avoiding action again in ample time an example of this but one of the things you should avoid is altering your course support for vessels forward of her beam except for an overtaking situation I'm going bring this up in the larger screen here you're in the here this vessel here is this is where you're at in the middle of your your boat here is in the center of your radar screen and if you detect a vessel forward of your beam you should not alter course to Port The Vessel detected on the radar you should avoid an alteration of course toward the vessel a beam or bath to beam in restricted visibility again I'm going to bring up a bigger screen of this so here you are in the middle this is your vessel and if you detect another vessel uh a beam of you you should not you should avoid uh altering a course towards that vessel next we come to lights and shapes all vessels that encompasses rule 20 the application the definition of the lights we're going to take a look at Power driven vessels what kind of lights they have Towing and pushing vessels rule 24 and then sailing vessels and vessels under ores vessels engaged in fishing and vessels not under command it also covers vessels constrained by draft the pilot vessels when you're anchored or ground and also SE ples when do you have to have these lights on in the shapes they should be on from Sunset to Sunrise or in any time you have restricted visibility then your lights should be on we're going to start out by defining the different types of lights on vessels and then take a look at the power drien vessels and towing and pushing different types of Lights call we call the Mast head light it's a white light placed on a mast generally Center Line over the vessel it has an arc of visibility of 225 degrees now sometimes referred to as a steaming light many of your electric panels will call it a steaming light two as the Mast headlight then we have our side lights to Green for the starboard side of course red for Port many of you may have heard the port wine which is red so that's the left side has an arc of visibility of 112 degrees for each light and then you have your Stern Light which is white it has an arc of visibility of 100 35° remember 22 and5 degrees B the beam this is still that overtaking zone also you have your side lights your Stern Light and your masked headlight and a lot of boats especially sailboats have a all around white light at the top which is your anchor light then we come to tug boats that are Towing you have a towing light it has the same characteristics as your Stern Light but of course it's yellow in type of color then many BS have allaround lights it could be white for your anchor light maybe red all around green all around blue and then we have flashing lights a flashing light is more than 120 times times per minute you would find these on submarines hovercraft uses yellow light flashing your law enforcement Customs is law enforcement and the Coast Guard uses the flashing light blue and color and then Public Safety uh sort of like your sea tot or boats uh recovery boats um Public Safety boats have red and yellow flashing lights so submarines are yellow hovercraft and then law enforcement are blue and Public Safety are red and yellow then we have what we call a special flashing light we had the flashing light but now there's a special flashing light what's different about it it's for Inland Waters only it's yellow in color but it's Arc of visibility is different it's 180 to 225 degrees of visibility and it goes uh flashes 50 to 70 flashes per minute not the 120 and it always goes on the barge Inland on the barge only next we want to talk about the lights that are on these vessels we Define them what the mass headlight is and the Stern Light and the sidel lights we first talk about uh Power driven vessels of course they have to have the mass headlight light the side lights the red and green and the Stern Light that's fairly fairly straightforward and at night the power driven vessel underway uh will still have his lights on all navigation lights even though he's not making way it will still have all the power lights on and if you're up to 50 m in length that's a pretty good size power boat then you MK headlight and Stern light are all separate and side lights are separate and they may look something like that once you become over 50 mters in length then you have to have two Mast headlights one forward and one AF and the one AF uh is higher so then they have two Mast headlights so he's got a masked headlight forward one aft the two side lights red and green and then his Stern Light if he's over 50 m here is a small power driven vessel less than 12 meters they can combine that Mast head and Stern Light together a lot of small boats you see on the stern so the front P portion is your Mast headlight 225 and then a Stern Light 135 and also you see that the red and green light the bow lights are also combined together so that's on a small vessel viewing them from the side from the bow or from the stern here's that seven and seven rule power driven vessel less than seven meters in length not exceeding seven knots then he can get by with just one allaround white light and this is strictly an international rule so once should go to the shoreward side of the demarcation line then you become a power boat and you need your side lights mass headl and Stern Light if you're hovercraft you have your running lights but in addition to that you have a yellow flashing light so that other vessels seeing you with the red and green in your Mast and Stern Light also see see the yellow flashing light indicating that you're more than just a power driven vessel rule 24 if you're in an area where you have tugboats uh and nearby you then uh this is some that you want to be familiar with and the difference here is we're going to talk about the international tugboats and our vessels operating International Waters and in Inland Waters here we're talking about the tugboat and he's towing a Stern there's what we call a Hower a cable between the tugboat and the barges that may be back here somewhere so if he's a he has two Mast headlights he's under 50 meters he's going to have a second Mast headlight to indicate that he's a towing boat tugbo towing he has his side side lights the red and the green and then on the stern he has has a Stern Light and he also has a yellow light yellow over white my Hower is tight is a little pneumonic that helps you remember that one he's pulling some barges way behind him on this line called the Hower so yellow over white my Houser's tight this is a tugboat and again he has a second mashed headlight because he's acting as a tugboat this is both Inland and international waters this for the international waters is the only yellow light you're going to see on a boat uh one that's engaged in Towing so if the tugboat is not Towing it's nothing more than a motorboat power driven vessel and he would turn off that second Mass headlight and he would turn off the yellow Towing light on the stern if he's only all he is doing is operating as a power boat then that applies both both to the Inland International here's a tugboat toying a Stern so he's going to have his green light and two Mast headlights because he's Towing and this distance between here there's a designation between a long toe and a short toe anything that's 200 Metter or less is called a short toe if he's over 200 meters then he's designated as a long toe and then there's some different additional lights that need to be on so yellow over white your Hower is tight two massed headlights viewed from the side from the bow from the stern so if you on the stern you see yellow over white then you know that he's pulling something in behind him if his toe is more than 200 M then he gets a third Mass headlight so he has his running lights and three Mass headlights meaning this toll between the tugboat and the back of his toe these barges is over 200 Metter again the distance between the tugboat itself and the last barge is over 200 M that's considered a long toe if it's under 200 M then it's designated as a short toe so the short toe Tugboat would only have two Mast headlights the long to Bol tug bolt would have three Mass headlights if the tugboat is uh length is greater than 50 m then it's going to have two Mass headlights one because it's Mass headlight power boat the second one because it's a tug boat engaged in tugging and then he has a third Mass headlight aft and higher to indicate that this vessel here is greater than 50 m so if you see them from the side the two Mast head and the one back here then you know that this vessel is is a large Tugboat from the bow you'd see three mast headlights and then on the stern yellow over white my Houser's tight if for some circumstance that this Tugboat is actually a ram vessel restricting its ability to maneuver which is a rare case then he gets to have the red white red lights in addition to his Towing lights the two mased head and the yellow over white and his running lights this would be an example this boat here cannot deviate from its course due to it's this like a big oil rig that he's toy out to see so he can't deviate from his course so he gets to be a ram vessel and in a little bit we're going to look at the da shapes for a ram vessel which would be a ball Diamond ball at night he would get to have on his normal Tugboat lights two Mast heads because he's tugging and then the red white red designated as a ram vessel so if there is around over 200 meters then the day shape they have to have this diamond one on the tug and one on the barge where it can best be seen this would be a long toe again over 200 meters this is the day shape so that vessels in the daytime see what what existing here and the purpose of this here is to let other vessels know that back here is a or there's a space between them and this may be a long space in between it could be a couple hundred feet or more so that another vessel doesn't cross in between here and number one cut his Hower or the other boats prop get hung up in in this cable so that's the purpose of the uh two diamonds on there and then he may also use a search light at night to illuminate his uh tow back there so other vessels nearing by can see that he is Towing something um this this light is oscillating here it wouldn't be doing that I'm just showing that for graphic purposes it just be a steady light then we come to a composite unit a composite unit is nothing more than then a power-driven vessel so they run all the lights of a power driven vessel the mass headlight Stern Light and the side lights and they would look like this from the side or the bow or the stern this is an example of a composite unit this is a coast guard buoy tender it runs up on the Tennessee River he was in buuy and I was able to get these pictures he's connected this is the tug this is the barge but if you look here he's connected there's a portion of the barge that is open the tug boat slides in there and then they bind it together with tight cables tighten them up and this then acts as one composite unit and it's then designated as a power driven vessel even though it's a a tugbo and and a barge more or less connected but they're they're composite unit physically one unit if you're uh out there and you break down or someone you go out to help your buddy who's broken down you do not have to have all the towing light requirements it might help to have a search flight on there just so the other vessel can see that but you're not required in this case to have the towing lights just because you're not this is a exceptional setion to the case okay next we take a look at International Water tugs pushing ahead or Towing alongside this is uh international waters only and all he displays is his white Stern Light only here the tugboat is pushing from behind we call pushing ahead or he's on the hip pushing alongside so he has a two white because he's a tugboat and he does not have the uh yellow light here because there is no cable between him he's on he's he's tied to or uh connected to these uh barges that he's pushing so pushing ahead the two whites on the stern all he has is the white he does not have the yellow the yellow is only when he's got a long cable between the tugboat and the barges this is on pushing ahead starting pushing alongside so from the bow they may look like this there's two whites these running lights and on the barges they have their lights also from the stern all you would see would be two two U white lights here he is pushing ahead and the point here is even though this Tugboat is tightly caed to these barges so they control it these are not considered composite units these are just tugboats pushing barges unlike the one I showed you earlier what was a composite unit Inland this is where it's different than um the international Inland he has the two Mass headlights for a tugboat but now Inland Waters he has two yellow lights to indicate that he's tug a tugboat the pneumonic here is yellow or yellow he's an inland pushing fellow pushing ahead or alongside on in Inland Waters the tugboat gets two yellow lights on the stern where on international waters if he's was pull uh the all he has is a Stern Light pushing ahead or alongside you just have one single white light as a Stern Light but once they move into the Inland Waters then the tugboat turns on the two yellow lights yellow over yellow I'm an inland pushing fellow on the barges themselves being towed a Stern they have the running lights bound uh red and green on the bow and then the Stern Light there is no white light for the Mast head here because this vessel does not have a as an engine you only use the Mast head light when you have a motor so they're being pushed or pulled uh so they have the side lights and the Stern Light if again if he's over 200 meters a long toe then he gets the day shape of the diamond then at night he's the long toe here again he gets three Mass headlights because he's a long toe the second Mass headlights because he's a tugbo next we'll talk about the barges being towed alongside and the barges themselves get the side lights and the stern light this is on international waters only because this boat here is only has the white light on the stern barg is being pushed ahead here the barge all it has is the side lights it does not have the white Stern Light because we don't want that white light interfering with the visibility or the night vision of the pilot that's running the the tug boat so here you would not see You' see the side lights the stern light or from the bow and then the Stern Light there's no white light on the barge uh if he's pushing from behind this is international waters and we know that because the white Stern Light is all that's showing on the tugboat itself on the barge on uh Inland this is a special case for Inland pushing barges we know it's Inland because it has yellow over yellow Inland pushing fellow now the barges need what we call a special flashing light this is on Inland on the barges only special flashing light and it flashes at 50 to 70 and being pushed ahead again he still has no Stern Light here on the barge itself so that that light does not blind the driver pushing the barge but he still has a special flashing light on the bow of the barge again a tugbo is just a uh Tugboat is just a power boo driven vessel all she needs is her MK headlight Stern Light and side lights you add the towing light when she becomes towing a Stern yellow over white my Houser is tight in land or International if he has barges back here then he has the yellow over the white light sometimes these barges push uh what we call submerged or inconspicuous objects it could be fuel bladders it could be uh dredge piping whatever something that is not a boat per se it's partially submerged in the water then they have to have all around white lights one on each end if it's over 25 or less than 25 meters in length so at night it would look something like that if it's more than 100 meters in length then they need uh lights in between the inconspicuous partially submerged objects so it may look something like that and either case they all they have to have a diamond on it no matter what the L for the day shape so other vessels know that there's something back there they they may not see this because it's dark maybe matches the same color of the water it's mostly submerged so it wouldn't be obvious that something's there but the diamond in the day shape would show it's there and the lights at night would show that it's there so it may look something like this and they could show a light on it again it would just be a solid white it wouldn't be oscillating like this I know there's a lot on those Tugboat rules uh again that's probably a good reason to have a copy of the rules of the road book on board Your Vessel this may not be something you run into on a daily basis in the areas that use motoring or sailing so it that you go back and be able to review those this brings us up to Rule 25 lights and shapes on sailing vessels underway and vessels under ores typically a sailboat is going to have the side lights and a Stern Light while he's under sail and then any vessel sailboat may add as an option this all around red and all around green light at the top of the mast red over green I'm a sailing machine but he still has these lights down here this is an option if it's a small cell about under 20 M then he may combine these lights into the tricolored light at the top of the mask the red and the green and the white but you would not run these and the ones down below you have either this or the ones down below and this is restricted strictly to a small sailboat under 20 Metter here was that answers that earlier question uh a little sailboat less than seven meters all they need is a torch and then the rowboat all they need is a torch so sailing vessel on uh under sale also using her motor then the day shape is this Apex pointed downward indicating my motor is on sailing vessel under power and underway shall exhibit her side lights and Stern Light and if their motor is on then she has to have the Mast headlight because you're under power indicating that you're a power vessel again commonly called your steaming light if your engine on you consider to be a power driven vessel and you run your Mast headlight even if you're under sail and your engine is on and engaged then you have the mass headlight on technically the way the rule is written your uh props are turning then you're a paren vessel so that's kind of the definition there now we get into these other vessels engaged in fishing not under command your RAM vessel at anchor or ground and sea planes fishing vessels if you're a fishing vessel you have a red over white and these are all around light if you're underway or at anchor red over white I'm fishing at night it would look like that this is the little pneumonic for help you remember what a fishing vessel is red over white I'm fishing at night and if you're underway or or if you're making way then you have to have your side lights and your Stern Light On and he only gets to uh the designation of a fishing vessel when he's actually engaged in fishing if he's going from his Port out to the fishing ground then he's nothing but a motorboat and power driven vessel the side lights Mass headlight and the stern light on so from the side he look like this from the bow and then from the stern so you see these red and white are all round lights so they he has that designation from any angle that any other vessel may see him a boat that's trolling gets a green over white underway or at anchor all around green all around white green over white I'm trolling at night once he starts making way then he adds his side lights and his Stern Light and during the day they have a day shape they have the two Apex or cones with Apex connected in together so then they display that where it can best be seen both on the trolling vessel and on the fishing vessel so at night there's always these lights but during the daytime so the designation shows up uh the various vessels have a day shape next we're going to cover the nuke or the ram vessel not under a command and restrict an ability to maneuver we'll look at each one of these individually here is a a nuke vessel remember he lost his engine or lost his steering he's not making way then he will just display two allaround red and from the side or the bow or the stern they will look like that the pneumonic here is red over red your engine is dead if he is making way then he has to turn on his running lights of Stern Light in the side lights again his engine's dead so he does not have his Mast headlight on red over red and the side lights and Stern Light for a nuke vessel not under command and he would look from the side from the bow or from the stern during the day this day shape it would be two black balls then we look at the definition of a ram vessel if weall that from earlier it's a vessel it's engaged in work due to the nature of her work laying cables servicing the navigation AIDS the dredging mind sweeping or transferring people or cargo is all the definition of that Ram vessel they would have the nights time would have the red white and red Two Reds with white in between so from the side or the bow or the stern it would look like that again these are all around lights so that they can be distinguished as that from any angle by any other boat and the day shape would be ball Diamond ball would be the day shape for a ram vessel replacing the red white red lights so the vessel would look like this and this is all place somewhere in the rigging where it can best be seen any of these day shapes at anchor this Ram vessel would have in addition to the ram lights the red white red he would have his anchor light all around white light so here he has red white red for a ram vessel and then his anchor light it look something like this and we talk about anchor lights we're going to see in a moment that a vessel that's over 50 mters has to have two anchor lights so that's why in this picture you see an anchor light at the front anchor light AF and or this is the AFT this is the front and then his Ram vessel red white red then again the day shape uh ball Diamond ball with the anchor ball the anchor all around black ball is the anchor uh symbol for the day shape for anchoring the ball Diamond ball the day shape for a ram vessel so it look something like this now if it's a dredge design designation of the ram vessel Because by the nature of it work but they have this rigging that is off on one side that where they're working the the channel and the other side that designates which side The Vessel other vessels should pass and which side they should not pass on again green is go red is stop so if you see the green lights then you can pass this dredge on this side if you see the red lights then you should not pass on this side because he has some type of rigging that would District uh you're being able to be clear of him so from the side Ram vessel red white red again these are all around lights so you can see these lights any side of that vessel here's a picture this is a big dredge as was in buuy red white red he was working it on this side so that's the restricted Side Green you can pass on this side of of the dredge the day shape here's the ram vessel the diamonds think of diamonds as good ladies like diamonds diamonds are good that's the side you can pass on balls are bad so you don't want to pass on that side so you see two ball black balls that's the restricted side and then this other one the diamonds is the passing side ball Diamond ball for a ram vessel diamonds are the good side two black balls are the restricted side the obstruction sometimes you'll have dive boats out there this is commercial diving uh Diver Down working on underwater they have the designation of a ram vessel at night red white and red and in the daytime they have the international flag code a alpha indicating that it's a dive boat now this is the dive symbol for a lot of scuba divers recreational divers some cases just this is not understood uh the alpha flag may not always be understood by a lot of folks out there on the water whereas the scuba diving flag may be so a lot of dive operations will fly both the international code flag a and the US uh red flag with the White Stripes to it cu this is strictly a US understood diving flag now if you see this green green Green you want to stay clear of this because this is a mine clearing operation uh vessel he a ram vessel so instead of the red white and red to designate them as a mine clearing vessel they carry the three uh green lights on the spreader bars up here up in the rigging on the yard arms so he would look something like that once higher and lower from the bow the three greens and from the stern three greens so You' always see these from any side it would look like this again we see two white lights here because this boat is anchored he's longer than 50 meters so he has a Stern and a bow anchor light all around white light this means he is a mine clearing operation he's at anchor during the day up in the mass they would have three black balls that's today shape again this vessel is an anchor has anchor ball here and then the three balls up in the rigging indicating that he's a mine clearing vessel next we going to talk about the constrained by draft CBD vessel again remember this is a power vessel in um international waters only they show three Reds in the row three Reds in a row no room below indicating that it is a CBD or constrained by draft type vessel see three Reds in a row if he's making way then he has his running lights on this one's over 50 m so he has mass headlight here and one forward the a mass headlight is higher again constrained by draft is strictly an international rule it is not covered under Inland Waters during the daytime they have a cylinder up in the rigging indicated that it's a CBD type vessel pilot vessels have a white over Red Pilot ahead and they use his running lights and then white over red all around to indicate that he's a pilot vessel from the side you would see the white over red again these are all round lights and then he has his normal running lights white over red piloting head if he's at anchor then he's going to show his white over red as a pilot and then is white all around white light as an anchored pilot vessel view from the side from the bow from the stern and then uh during the day if he's at anchor then he just has his anchor ball because he the pilot vessels generally have big letters on the side painted on the side of the vessel pilot so you really know it is a pilot vessel hang in there guys we're nearing the end uh here we want to talk about anchored vessels and vessels of ground the lights and shapes that you would use remember the anchor light is an all around 360 degree white light and you don't use that as your Mast headlight the vessel is less than 50 m Metter then they're going to display one all around white light and this way it can be seen from all sides less than 50 MERS one all around white if he's more than 50 m then he gets a second uh anchor light one forward and one near the stern at a lower level so from the side you you would see the anchor lights like this if you came alongside you would know that hey this is a big boat if it's over 100 meters then they still need the two anchor lights but they have other additional lights that illuminate their decks to make it obvious that they're a large vessel so they would look something like these diagrams and during the day they exhibit uh one black ball a vessel of ground is going to display The Two Reds and then one white Two Reds meaning it's a ground and also the same designation as the nuke vessel uh but a vessel that is a ground does not get the nuke vessel that that designation is strictly a ground and if they're a ground they're not moving so then they have to have their additional anchor light on again these are all round lights red over red and the white means I'm a ground so at night it could look like this The Two Reds and the one white during the day the designation the day symbol for a vessel of ground are three balls in a row it's less than 12 meters in length and when the ground you're not required to display these lights or the day shape if you're a smaller sailboat you go ground you may not even have this type of equipment on your boat SE planes are just like boats you have the red and green lights and then the Stern Light to indicate that it's a c plane then we want to talk about sound signals on vessels the definition of the sound signals their equipment what sound signals use for maneuvering and warning signals and signals that you use for restricted buiness visibility definition of sound signals has to be a whistle some means of making a audible sound capable of prescribing blast it could be an air horn or electric 12volt horn or on large vessels a steam whistle they have a designation definition of the blast one short blast is one second in duration and a prolonged blast I'll save you there is four to six seconds in duration so it's a short blast or a prolonged Blast by the definitions of the rules of the road uh they don't call it a a long blast they just call a short or prolonged 1 second for short four to six seconds for prolonged so there's various depending on the size of your vessel there's certain equipment that you need to have if you're less than 12 m use anything to make an effective sound signal well the voice is not uh considered uh loud enough so you would use a whistle they call it a whistle but it's a horn but you can't use a you could use just a regular whistle Inland if your vessel is 12 meters or more in length you need that whistle and you need the Bell International it changes a little bit if you're 12 but less than 20 Metter then you need the whistle if you're over 20 M International then you need the whistle and the bell let me go back over this a little bit so I don't get too fast here less than 12 meters you need something to make a sound generally a whistle will do and if you're over 12 MERS in land you need the whistle and the bell International 12 and less than 20 just the whistle over 20 whistle and the bell and then if you get real big over 100 meters you need the Bell the whistle and a Gong and generally the way on these larger vessels the way this is done these all electronic Mains they don't have a physical gong on there although they they are required if any electronically or electrical means of making these audible sounds should fail they have to have some means of manually making the sounds which then once we have the equipment on our vessel there are certain maneuvering and warning signals that are needed the one that's important here if is the find five or more short blast rapid blast if there's a dangerous situation or you doubt what the other vessel is doing to warn them or get their attention you always give the five or more blast and either vessel may sound the danger doubt signal five or short BL more short blast Inland Waters if you're leaving your dog according to the rules you're supposed to use one prolonged Blast One prolonged blast because you're leaving your your your dock or your Port uh slip and we saw this earlier the prolonged blast if there is obstruction where you can't see other vessels coming in the Fairway or Channel then you use the prolonged blast the other vessel hearing it responds prolong and till you see each other then you use the appropriate one or two short lasts Blackjack 21 what in the world does that have to do with rules of the road here's a little trick that you may want to keep in mind two and one Blackjack 21 twos pair for Port single for starboard one short Blast One it means you're turning to Star two short blasts means you're going to Port this is your vessel and then also three short blast means you're going in reverse propulsion so two to Port one starbo and three in Reverse Inland waters on an overtaking situation if you're overtaking what you signal to the other vessel is one short blast meaning I intend to overtake you on your starboard side upon hearing that this is internation Inland Waters the other vessel responds meaning he's in agreement that you can come past him but if for some reason uh there's some doubt that maneuvering you coming alongside him on that side then that vessel up here gives the five shorts five or more shorts so it's one I'm passing you I intend to overtake you on your starboard one I agree five don't do it if you're going to overtake him on his port side it's to short blast I intend to overtake you on your Port two I'm in agreement five don't do it there's some danger ahead of you and this vessel then would uh wait a while give the sound again and then wait for an agreement on a head-on situation remember two boats head on neither vessel is is a standon they're all giveway vessels one short blast means I intend to leave you on your port side this vessel gives the one two uh in agreement if not again the danger doubt signal five shorts if he intends to leave you on your starboard side he gives you two two in agreement five don't do it typically it's you're passing port to port but there may be a situation where you're already over there so you're not going to cross the bow of the vessel just to pass them port to port uh stay where you're at do your uh correct signals and then get the agreement and then go if you get agreement between the other vessel with VHF radio uh and head on Crossing overtaking situation then the signals are optional this vessel here wants to pass him he says I see you on the one Roger that see you on the one this is a common terminology that a lot of vessels will use especially commercial tug boats and stuff this is meaning the same thing as one horn they say see you on the two then it's the same thing as uh two horn sounds but see you on the one they're in agreement see you on the one sound signals and restricted visibility again it's going to determine uh based on the type of vessel and and when we started out in rule three we have the power booat and then all these other vessels there's three sets of sound signals one vessel is in or near the restricted visibility day or night it should be using the sound signals if he's a power-driven vessel underway and making way you props are turning then you have one prolonged blast and the duration is every two minutes if you're a power driven vessel underway but not making way then is two prolonged blast a duration of every two minutes the power driven making way is one prolonged not making way is two prolonged in every two minutes and then all these other vessels underway or at anchor the nuke vessel the ram vessel if it's anchored this is a barge that is anchored uh I mean the ram vessel that's anchored that would be maybe a dredge for example M sweeper CBD vessel fishing sailing and a tugboat while Towing while while he's working gets to use one prolong followed by two short and again every two minutes so it's fairly easy to remember the sound signals powerboat one prolong making way two prolong not making way and then all the other vessels is one prolonged and two short this is while they're in restricted visibility now an anchor less than 100 met in length required the sound signal now this is boat that are at anchor uh it's less than 100 meters has a ringing bell every five seconds and the duration at anchor is the one minute duration versus underway or making way which is two minutes so any vessel that's at anchor then that signal is at one minute intervals rapid ringing Bell if you're less than 100 meters if you're over 100 meters you have a bell in the gong this is the five and five rule every minute the F ground uh that's than 100 meters three Strokes of the Bell five ring of the Bell five Strokes of the Bell this is the 353 rule this this poor fellow is really a ground in it if you're ground more than 100 meters in length then it's a 3535 rule three Strokes at the Bell five seconds of the Bell three Strokes at the bell and five second gong if you start hearing gongs uh out there then you know you got something really big around you two more rules to go signals and attract attention and distress signals basically what the rule says you can use uh anything that can that long this is is not mistaken for any of the other lights and whistles uh authorized by the rules uh search lights as long as you don't blind the other veel and then the distress signals can be any one of these and these are based on the distress signals for corgs shooting stars your SOS signal Square ball this can be any flag as long as it's a rectangle or a ball orange smoke gun firing at one in minute intervals you make day on the radio you could have the November Charlie flag radio telephone the orange black ball and square a lot of the distress signal kits that you can get uh have this flag already printed up you can being sailboats you have the advantage of flying it up in the rigging continuous fog horn flames on the vessel this is contained in some kind of a bucket or something it don't start the boat on fire parachute flares die markers radio tell alarm your EBS uh if all all else fails stand on the deck and wave your arms that is indicated as a distress signal for those that might be interested in furthering their background or training in all these rules of the road here is an excellent website using.com test HTM and they have able cement test they have rules of the road test navigation deck General kns so forth and they have all the 10,000 or more questions that the Coast Guard has on their Captain's courses on on this web page and you can go out there and and review them and test yourself to see how well you understand them I know the Android and the iPads have a lot of these for lights applications they're all free and there's some flash cards so anything to help you better understand it U well before we leave and close this out I'm sure by now a lot of you can answer this question so what happened to the case when we started out this well the shrimpboat captain was charged with not taking early action to avoid the Collision early in substantial action sailboat was charged with failure to have a lookout rule five the investigating officer from the Marine Port there determined that sailboat had the rideway but should uh have not had it should have had the lookout the reason being here in rle 18 this was the shrimp boat but he was not engaged in fishing he was just strictly motoring back to his home Port so now it becomes sailboat over power booat and then the Shrimp Boat uh was was not restricted in an ability to maneuver it should have taken action to give way to the sailboat because the fishing boat does not even the frint booat with his arms out does not get the Ram vessel designation that was the outcome of of that situation well thank you for coming on board and being part of this this morning

Channel: Maryland School of Sailing

Views: 177,555

Keywords: sailing

Id: 19suVDp8GnM

Length: 102min 4sec (6124 seconds)

Published: Thu Apr 11 2013