Arbella Stuart with Dr Kat Marchant, on the British History Channel

[Music] hello everyone welcome to this month's historian interview and today we're going to get to talk to dr kat merchant she has an incredibly successful youtube channel called reading the past and i'm going to be asking her about arbella or arabella the name's interchangeable stuart and she is maybe not as talked about as she should be for someone so significant in the period of elizabeth first and into the the reign of james the sixth of scotland who became james the first of england so i'm going to get cat today to tell us more about our bella stewart well thank you cat for joining me today and help me introduce our bella or arabella stewart and i know those names are used interchangeably which one do you favor i tend to call it call her arbella um for no other reason than it's just personal preference like i can't tell you which one's right they both seem to be equally appropriate so i go with our bella cool for me it's easier to say as well so are bella one less one less er vowel to try and get in so that's fine that's good for me and so can you and obviously we're going to go into detail about it give us a brief synopsis who is our better stuart why should she be somebody who we're interested in so to massively oversimplify our bella is a queen we didn't have and she is to my mind has a very good claim to the throne of england as good if not in some ways better than that of her cousin james who becomes james the first of england are and for some reason she is i think somewhat erased as a potential claimant and because of that and why i think she's interesting her story is interesting is in the line of succession from elizabeth to james it seems like a foregone conclusion because there's no one else well there is someone else and i think she's ignored for some reason potentially because it hides the fact this is my opinion that robert cecil had more to do with sorting out who would be monarch after elizabeth that elizabeth did that's my opinion well he certainly had a hand in quite a few of elizabeth's decisions didn't he um okay so let's place her then if she had a claim to the throne where did this claim come from how is she in line to the throne so she is a descendant of henry viii's sister margaret tudor who married the scots king um so therefore she's also related to mary queen scott and of course james her paternal grandmother is margaret douglas so her father is the brother of lord darnley who ends up dead in the orchard having married mary queen of scots like it's a it's a daisy chain of connections so through her father she is connected to the tudors in that respect her mother is the daughter of a better hardwick who is very famous and who was also keeper of mary queen of scots or rather her husband was when mary queen scott was imprisoned in england bess of hardwick and her husband were imprisoning her so it all kind of ties together in that way and perhaps there's a there's a better way of explaining it so her paternal grandmother is the dowager countess of lennox margaret douglas she's the niece of henry viii through his sister margaret tudor her father is charles stewart younger brother of lord darnley darnley had married mary queen of scots he's the father with merry queen scots of james who is therefore arbella's cousin um oh so that's first cousins hmm yes does that make sense yeah we can do first because as i was saying to cat before we came on anything above anything beyond that i'm not quite sure where the remove things comes in but they are first cousins okay so i mean this is it it's a web isn't these people all knew each other they all had interactions with each other it's um yes it's it's way more complex than we can ever get out of a diagram of a family tree although i probably will um write that one out for for listeners so that they say that you can try and work this out so i'll better shoot when was she born doing it she is born in 1575. we aren't sure of the exact date we think it's november and early in the month um and perhaps the reason why we don't know the exact date of birth is a because she's female and therefore people are keeping less track of things like that because there's an assumption that there'll be a melee but also her parents marriage wasn't officially sanctioned so her paternal grandmother and her maternal grandmother of hardwick and margaret douglas seem to have got together to marry their children um and of course the boy has a claim or has royal bloodline so the making of heirs or potential heirs in elizabeth's reign um is a is a no bueno there's no way that that marriage would have been i think sanctioned so it happens in secret and afterwards both of the grandmothers are summoned to london by elizabeth for a little chitty chat in the tower for their um behaviors shall we say is it interesting though so elizabeth is around about 40 at this over 40 maybe hitting around 45 by the time um our bella's born so it's interesting though isn't it getting slightly off topic straight but i want to make this point actually because i think it's going to be relevant later we we think of henry viii because as not one to talk about illness not wanting to talk about death but elizabeth i mean she def she was the same if you're a single woman in tudor times let's be fair biology is biology you're pushing it now if you want a baby in your 40s she's in her 40s yes they're going to think or they're going to know it's a dodgy business producing potential heirs to the throne on the other hand if elizabeth does die childless and that's becoming more of a possibility you could end up being the grandmother of the next king or queen of england yeah and these are these are savvy women bess and margaret douglas definitely and and it's it's that there is on the one hand the the stakes are incredibly high um and there but there is also everything to play for the the other the flip side of the tudor descent which by the time elizabeth dies it's not an issue because um the sisters of jane grey who arguably still have a claim to the throne catherine and mary they've both contracted their own secret marriages uh been imprisoned indeed in the case of the elder sister catherine gray where it's it much more looks like a play for the throne because she marries the seymour and the seniors will come up again um and behave with the valor of a complete cat and bounder so catherine gray marries a seymour gets pregnant her husband is sufficiently young that he sent away to the continent to complete his education she's getting more pregnant she's elizabeth's cousin and also working for her at court and so she talks to robert dudley and a woman who was goes by the name at that time elizabeth said low who in later years and in subsequent marriages because she marries quite a few times she is now known to ask as best of hard work so best of hard work is there finding out about this secret marriage and secret pregnancy with robert dudley and i think the idea is that they're going to break the news to elizabeth we might question based upon beth of hardwick's later behaviors whether she was perhaps more involved in making that marriage because she seems to really love it she seems to love to interfere and create marriages and make gossip um yeah she would be somebody who i would love to meet but i'm not sure if i'd like she's somebody i would definitely like to to me i would like to know her views on elizabeth and elizabeth insisting on not marrying and elizabeth insisting on therefore not securing a a line maybe she just thought you know elizabeth isn't doing what she needs to do and someone needs to do something it would be oh that would be she would be someone actually i'd like to meet and like to ask some questions that'd be fun oh yeah so so elizabeth obviously isn't jazzed about the the marriage and about our bella's birth what happens when our bella gets a little bit older because she does go to court doesn't she i think yes so um she's orphaned very young as well i think one of the reasons why elizabeth potentially takes pity on her in the way she doesn't take pity on katherine graves children is that katherine and i should put out children not one because she does manage to get pregnant again while in the tower um she takes pity on i think are bella because she's orphaned and female ah and she does welcome her to court she does have her alongside her it's not uh an overt this is my successor but it does start some murmurings and suggestions and to me looking at it i think it's elizabeth pointing to her without explicitly going this is my heir but i can't prove that so do you think without cecil meddling in in as time progressed that elizabeth could have favored arbella possibly but then i think our bella starts acting out a little bit so she is she's after she's orphaned she ends up being brought up by bess of hardwick and bess of hardwick raises her i think to be an heir to the throne so she's given this education in an enormous number of languages that wouldn't be necessary for somebody who's going to marry just a lord she's given latin italian french spanish greek and hebrew that's the language you need if you're going to be the governor of the church of england i would say um she's also got the backing of mary queen of scots although the relationship between mary queen of scots and her imprisoners george talbot and also beth of hardwick it does create rifts in that tall but marriage what is what is happening that is clear is that mary queen of scots is interested in promoting and protecting arbella i wouldn't say she she doesn't clearly want to place her as a claimant above herself but she is seeking and supporting the idea that our bella get the title the earldom of lennox placed in her custody because it had actually gone to one of her father's cousins in default of male heirs so she is there is a royal woman looking out for her and so maybe all of these things is elizabeth chucks her bone and says come to court i think she probably also wants to get a look at her i think elizabeth would have had to be potentially a bit sillier than she was to not think based upon beth of hardwick's previous that she wouldn't be eyeing a potential match for arbella herself as it was i think that for whatever reason beth of hardwick had learned her lesson and and there was a real issue for her with not wanting about it to marry without permission whatever that might have been i don't know what threats were made but i can see that elizabeth might have gone maybe i'll bring her to court because her grandma is a spicy one and i need to keep an eye on her and when she came to court what do we know what the relationship between them was like um i mean she's one of her ladies in waiting she so that's a position of prominence um she's getting a stipend for that there's no it's not like they're suddenly best friends or confidants elizabeth also brings the seymour girls to be her maids of honor ladies and weighting as well they are cousins i'm not gonna do the distinction of what cousin they are but they are they are all cousins the seymours are bella elizabeth but merry christmas is also a cousin so there's nothing to say that they're suddenly best friends or close confidants but elizabeth has that with other people that we know of and that's very clearly delineated you know ashley is somebody who is a perpetual confidant there's no in there's no indication that the relationship with our bella is like that um but she is at court in 1588 which is the year after american scots have been executed so this again to me um puts more weight on our bella being a potential claimant because looking at it legally american scots was executed for treason for trying to take elizabeth's throne traitors don't get to pass their inheritance on it's forfeit so as the son of a convicted and executed traitor james should have lost any claim to the english throne arbella isn't mary queen scott's daughter but has much the same bloodline she also has the benefit of being born and raised in england she's not a scottish born person so there's that other issue because the will of henry viii seems to be very clear on excluding margaret tudor's descendants in a way that it isn't um on excluding mary tudor they are in the line quite clearly the grey sisters are very clearly in the line margarets are completely ignored so as there aren't any legitimate greys because catherine grey's sons have both been declared bastards i think arbella is the logical heir and she's not the daughter of a traitor and that's why i think elizabeth brings her to court in 1588 well and why she should be someone who has talked about a little bit more and or at least known about a little bit more um i'm beginning to get more uh interested actually in this uh in the succession from elizabeth to to james which we'll get on in it onto in a moment because obviously our bella was around for for that um because it is put forward as the logical conclusion you know he's the nearest etc etc as if our bella doesn't exist um and of course she does she's there she's um young healthy et cetera et cetera well educated ready to do it for if her grandmother seems to have had anything to do with it and and yet not really talked about so anyway that's why we're doing this today so um but i don't she goes back doesn't she does she isn't she sent back to to to best who's then living at hardwick hall which is in derbyshire which is in the midlands quite a way from london quite away from anywhere that's got any kind of power so what happened there is is that a sign of having enough of her or what do we know what happened there so the story goes that our bella became friendly with robert devereaux earl of essex who had and would go on to replace his stepfather um robert dudley earl of leicester as elizabeth's favorite what friendly means um is up to everybody to decide for themselves so there is the hint that she is sent away because elizabeth is jealous of her now is it possible that in bringing arbella to court in 1588 after having had merry queen of scots executed after and during the armada threat ramping up is it possible that by bringing our billet to call elizabeth oh hang on a second um i've just pointed out an air haven't i wasn't gonna do that um oh look she's talking to him and i like him that's a reason off you go we have this notion of elizabeth as this morbidly jealous woman just inveterally and that's quite possibly true but she's also a political animal so she could have said to either one of them keep your balls in your own court don't play this game with me but to choose to send her all the way up and away and back to her grandmother where she then can't keep an eye on her i think it's because she didn't want her in quite close proximity this very young woman of child bearing age from the portraits quite beautiful very obviously tudor looking her mincing about the court probably felt like a very bad idea in the armada year is what i would think and so she wants to rectify that pretty quickly it seems like such a double-edged sword um like you say do i keep an eye on her but then also she's here with all the other eligible with all the where all the eligible powerful bachelors are that elizabeth is keen to maintain that she's there you know this whole courtly love thing you know she's there however they would put it and yet yeah she's saying so she says sends her away see i mean how much do you think um it is because sorry i was going to say there doesn't seem to be any talk of matching our better actually getting her married off getting her sorted in that way do you think elizabeth had any hand well she must have done i suppose but in not allowing her to marry and why would that be is that again because it would make our betters position more powerful or there seems to be particularly elizabethan reign goes on um among elizabeth's maids of honor um going on to as they age up ladies and waiting remaining are married there seems to be a tacit unspoken understanding that the expectation will be perpetual virgin hood that what's good for the goose is good for the gander and if the queen can stay in in sanctity um as she says she is that everybody else should and i think ages having potentially maids of honor and then ladies and waiting who marry who remain a court potentially with their courtly husbands who are then pregnant having that juxtaposition is not what she's gonna want [Music] i don't know if elizabeth never wants to marry um i don't know if she does but feels that whatever reason she is held back from doing so i don't know if she had a mortal fear of motherhood but what i do think is that she didn't want to remind the people looking at her that she hadn't had a child and if you've got a beautiful pregnant woman with her stomach are stretched to for the contents of her body that is something that's going to pull focus and they're going to be one son at court can't they [Music] and if elizabeth is and i think she is anything like her father and grandfather with an eye for what things look like then to be the virgin queen over a virgin court it's all part of the package isn't it that makes a lot of sense um yeah yeah my personal view on elizabeth is she ran out of time i i really i think she played and played and played and then was like oh it's a bit late uh better make better make something work for me here and then we and then and then we get the the the virgin queen kind of thing coming out um which worked for her absolutely so family legacy making it certainly good because because you can't she also becomes you're talking about that kind of image making sure you become so much more controlling when it towards the end when it's that black and white court and it's so prescribed what people around her can wear so that she can dazzle hmm really shirty if people wear things that is is not this caught uniform so she's very very clear and controlled about her personal image and the stage design of the other human beings that decorate her world it is stage design isn't it i was just thinking when you were saying that if anyone's ever seen the film legally blonde and you've got rhys with a spoon always in pink hot pink um and if you look at any of the sort of videos about how they filmed it everyone's in grey suits obviously around her that's that's that's the given but then they shine lights on her to make her dazzle on the screen the backdrop everyone else in there in their grey suits and elizabeth had this amazing eye for that that is theater that's amazing really well i mean i'm actually the queen does it to this day she always wears a block of a very bright color so she's always visible and of course today that serves two functions it means that people who are coming to see the queen can spot the queen from very far away but it's also great for your security detail they can keep eyes on you if you're in hot pink if you've got a hot pink pillbox hat and your security that needs to remain removed but eyes on it's great that you're in bright color that's interesting as well yes absolutely maybe they learnt from elizabeth she set the uh set it ready for everyone else oh yeah now our bella so she's she's got a good claim to the throne some reason she's cecil doesn't like the idea i mean i i don't know but i imagine the fact that james has already got um an heir and a spare and he's already a ruler in in scotland i imagine all these things played into some sort of let's have some stability and and and and move on to to someone who potentially or is most likely to give us that but our beta of course is still around when um elizabeth dies so when james comes to he moves here doesn't he as soon as he's as soon as he's made king he moves down here um into london and she is i think she's given pretty much pride of place at his um uh with his combination ceremony or is it is his his entrance into london do you know anything about that and how she would react how she reacted to james coming to the throne well i know that i talked about the year before 1602 because she is chomping at the bit um in elizabeth's last year of marriage that's the year that she attempts to marry edward seymour who is lord beecham who is a descendant of henry's other sister mary tudor through katherine gray's illegal marriage to another edward seymour if they're they're all called edward yeah or william we'll get to that a second um well thomas or thomas yes exactly um and that looks incredibly like a attempt to create a rival air she's trying to plan this marriage elizabeth is not happy with it uh edward seymour is also kind of warmed off and so that marriage never takes place the next year so uh in 1503 as we're going into um the last months of elizabeth 1603 yeah yeah sorry i get my 15th and 16th if she's there she has been going into that um she stops eating and she refuses to drink and she claims that james vi of scotland who as he is then was her lover which would be quite the thing as he was in scotland on a number of levels actually yeah yeah yeah so she she claims so there's this real kind of attention seeking behavior right when james claims the throne um he is very welcoming and particularly he places her in the household of his wife but almost at once she is the focus of plots so does he have her at core recognized as a member of the family because he loves her and realizes that she's had a pretty rubbish time or does he make her um one of the chief leading servants of his wife a carver to his wife because he wants to keep an honor is it once again the gilded cage of tudor stewart surveillance i don't know annabella is what mid to late 20s at this point yep so she's 1693 she's 27 coming up 28. so she's on a dock yes i was gonna say on a personal level she's thinking biological clock is ticking yeah but she does find a way doesn't she let's talk about the thing that i'll better is probably if you have heard of her the most this is probably why you've heard of her and this is the the eventual marriage she she makes which is clandestine uh tell us about that so i think a massive thing that occurs that finally just takes the breaks off the runaway train that is because arbella makes some bad choices i'm going to say that like i like her a lot but she does make some interesting choices and what takes the breaks of the runaway train is that best of hardwick dies in 1608. um towards the end of that same year arbella can track smallpox which she survives but 1608 she's now 33 even more tick-tock she's had smallpox that has no doubt other people in her household community have no doubt i'd probably be horrifically scarred by like you're going to be reminded of your mortality so two years after the death of her grandmother and the smallpox she marries the 22 year old william seymour the marriage doesn't really get much of a chance to get off the ground it's discovered within days is it another attention-seeking thing i don't know william sent the tower our bella is placed under the house arrest in lambeth um there is some suggestion that despite the fact that this marriage is discovered so quickly and they are separated that by some means they managed to circumvent the separation because there is discussion that arbella has fallen pregnant if she did then it doesn't result in a live birth it presumably results in a fairly um early miscarriage in uh probably in september 1610 if it happens at all this rumor or fact whatever it is is too much for james who's like uh i think i think maybe not we're maybe not going to keep you in lambeth and your husband in the tower we're going to send you to durham arbella on the way to durham becomes ill it took her 12 days to get from lambeth to barnet now i did the maths on that and yes you are looking you are looking with the face that i looked with i was like i'm just gonna google maps that because i could walk it in four and a half hours it took 12 english days that's that's good going for procrastination that is that that yeah that's quite some illness that's right that's quite quite something honest um the fairy steps to get there quicker i mean even if she was being carried she'd get there quicker so clearly this is a fabricated illness and the point of it is to give her husband the chance to bribe his way out of the tower of london and get meet her to get from the boat to france of course our bella is being painfully and slowly taken from lambeth to barnet and then further north up to durham which never happens because she slips away in men's clothing and she is supposed to meet him in a pub in blackwall but and they're then going to travel to their waiting ship william is delayed arbella sets off and waits for him in the channel he gets in a different boat gets blown off course but does land safely in ostense arbella's decision to wait for her husband means that she's not so lucky because james sends people after her and she is caught just before calais she is reclaimed and she is brought back to england and she is imprisoned in the tower um and so that's 1611. 1611 she is we believe held in an upstairs room of the bell tower and there's lots of talk about where people are held in various parts of the tower because people love to be like so-and-so is there someone says there by tradition she's held in the bell tower which is also where sir or saint thomas moore was held before his execution and i'd bring up the bell tower because that now is the queen's house and that is where the person who is in charge of the tower of london lives and the story goes that a former boss of the tower his bedroom backed onto the cell that our bella would have been held in uh a place where she once again returned to what she had done at the end of elizabeth's reign she stopped eating and drinking and so this sort of hunger strike or depression or whatever it was it it does eventually cost her her life she starved to death basically in 1615. but so the story goes this boss to the tower's wife was in her bedroom and she went to walk out and she felt a really firm shove on her back despite nobody being there and everybody or he at least believed it was alberto stewart and the rumor is that the tower of london stopped talking about ghosts after that talking about them yep don't mention the ghosts there's a different boss at the tower ghosts are potentially back on the menu but apparently i was told that they that we were not supposed to talk about ghosts when that was happening before my time when i spent time working there but apparently that's the rumor well the tower is i will say a place of many rumors i imagine actually i know a soldier who was based there once you know big burly whatever definitely said there were there were spirits there i mean if there's going to be anywhere i think the tavern and it is it is a good candidate to happen but bella what a life i mean it was like you said earlier a gilded cage every where sh well every element of her life was controlled yep down to she didn't have the same freedoms and i know this is obviously this goes for anyone with that royal connection i suppose even today but just those freedoms to get married have children nah none of it can't have any of it not even told who to marry you we're just gonna keep putting it off so that you can't until you're so desperate that you you try a secret marriage did i read that they were married at greenwich palace which doesn't seem like a brilliant idea if you're trying to be a secret about it and that rings a bell for me um which i mean married at greenwich or greenwich palace they could i read greenwich palace but i don't but that would that would maybe um go into the the idea that this was more of a attention-seeking exercise than really an attempt to get married in secret i don't know yeah i'm i'm not 100 sure where they do get married um because she my eyes in secret and greenwich palace it's entirely possible i haven't seen that document but if she works my greenwich palace that's like elizabeth's favorite that's her favorite place who is marrying them at greenwich palace and elizabeth doesn't know beforehand yeah i mean it's entirely possible and um i will certainly try and look out that source but i well because that's an interesting question in itself isn't it who married them what do we know and and what happened to them that's not the kind of thing you'd have thought they'd be getting away with with with doing yeah that's again that's a name that i have yet to uncover but clearly they are known to somebody um because there are cases of secret clandestine marriages happening earlier in the previous round elizabeth's reign that she so when catherine grey marries they can't find the priest so that's why those boys are named as bastards because there's nobody to confirm that it's happened because the other witness was edward seymour's sister who had unhelpfully died before the marriage became known do i think that james finding out that his cousin had married in his predecessor's favorite palace which i mean probably it wasn't his favorite palace seems to have been whitehall um and so but it's still and it grace is an important place to be the thought that he wouldn't have overturned every rock to find out who was complicit in this doesn't make a lot of sense to me but somebody marries them yeah so regardless of where why yeah why maybe this is more things to find out exciting yes i mean i don't know why he doesn't just have the marriage and old like why he doesn't claim it never happened and so there's no witnesses to it that it's a fraudulent marriage and they were never really married that would solve the problem unless our bella herself is the problem and therefore a reason to lock her mind somebody else well is required a control we saw it in in the number that reigns that this need to well and previous to that get rid of or tightly control the personage of the potential rivals to the throne especially if there are potential plots which of course we haven't got time to go into it today but there are lots of we have the gunpowder plot for goodness sake you know one of the most famous ever um to blow up james so um i mean our bella's our bella's dragged into the plot that's uh that essentially ends up with water raleigh being imprisoned so she's connected to that um and there is definitely a plan to they they say to put her on the phone in her cousin's place she sounds like such an interesting um character but when you think logically through what her life would have been like and um how thwarted just everything any kind of sort of lead to happiness or even to do something what was she doing with her days you can see why you know depression could have been very likely outcome um at the end of her life she was so how old would she have been when she died she was 40 or around about 40 so if she what did 33 in [Music] 1608 and she dies in 1650. there you go yes because she's born in what did you say that eight uh 15 75 yeah so she's full so what does james do now with the with our bella the high member of the royal family dead what what happens because funeral-wise where where she interred um oh pass i don't know where she's interred oh i do where's she although i've not been i haven't found her team because i didn't go looking for it she is according to a book i was reading about her the other day in westminster abbey well that makes that makes sense so i'm like yeah so um i'm thinking obviously quite useful in death some of these people aren't they do the do the current one let's uh let's lament the death of someone so important and she gets put in westminster abbey but i'm not i'm not sure where in the abbey oh no i i mean i have no idea about the place through anything in westminster i could i couldn't tell you but yes he's he that makes that's a lot of sense from james he likes to keep the ladies in his life the ladies that made him shall we say uh let's put them all in westminster abbey that that makes a that makes a lot of sense um i just want to hop back at you talking about kind of what about his life must have been like and i kind of want to hit home a little bit harder on it as well as an unmarried woman [Music] in her 30s in her grandmother's house the infantilization that she would have experienced would have been a reason for anybody to to try to escape i believe and we know that bess of hardwick and her used to butt heads all the time best of hard work is fascinating but i think very controlling but our bella has nothing she hasn't got the claim to lennox anything that's given to her is either the gift of the queen le then the king or what her grandmother provided her with that she herself has earned through four marriages are bella to have any autonomy i mean for most women in the time the best way to get autonomous autonomy is to be widowed as best of hardware proves very well but to be widowed you need to be married so arbella's playing the long game by trying to marry a 22 year old because really you want the mold yeah very old so you can get autonomy as quickly as possible but even even being a wife has more freedom than being a maid because a wife will have a household to control all of this education that she has been given and she's not even able to run a household which is not even able to control the education of her children yeah incredible and yet best was the one who gave her that education but i say what happened between her having a hand in catherine grey's marriage and then uh by the point that it gets to our bella which is uh running away from that not going to be not going to get involved in that that so that's another interesting thing to uh potentially uh uncover yeah what yeah why does she give her all his education why does she she she places her on the board very clearly and then she goes oh no let's not um and i just i i i wonder who threatened her that's all i could think who threatened her did she feel brave while she still had this successful marriage to george talbot was that it and then as she gets involved in an unhappy separation that does bring with a taste of scandal is she keen to protect the interests of her children and her grandchildren by not engaging further in scandal or is there an over threat to essentially say you need to pump the brakes lady you're getting into traitorous type territory here and yeah yeah interesting well thank you so much for that cat i i our bella now is somebody i want to make sure she's a bit like the princess charlotte in in in a couple of hundred years later she's she should be talked about she's not enough and now you've taught us a bit more about her then um then i know i'll be i'll be ringing her bell or whatever the whatever the phrase would be um yeah making sure i'm really interested actually like i said earlier learning more about this about elizabeth's succession um so thank you very much for for talking to us about our bella today thank you very welcome thanks for having me [Music] you

Channel: British History

Views: 6,683

Keywords: this week in history, this week in British history, british history, history, history documentary, history programme, presenter, England, UK, Britain, history tv, tudor, tudor history

Id: db7KpOnNqCE

Length: 46min 39sec (2799 seconds)

Published: Sat Nov 05 2022