Amazing Durian Farming,China is the World Largest importer of Durian, World Largest DurianPlantation

foreign [Music] [Music] what's up [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] foreign is the edible fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus Juria the durian is believed to have originated from the Malay archipelago furio zibathonis native to Borneo and Sumatra is the only species available in the international market it has over 300 named varieties in Thailand and 100 in Malaysia foreign s are commonly associated with Southeast Asian Cuisine especially in Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Thailand Cambodia Philippines and Vietnam in Optimum conditions a durian tree can eventually grow to be very tall large and Majestic adultery started from seeds can eventually reach up to 50 meters in height with a trunk diameter of 120 centimeters seedlings usually have a tall branchless trunk within a regular dense or open crown of rough branches young grafted clone trees have a distinctive characteristic shaped like a large Christmas tree and the branches grow out from the main trunk in every direction unless pruned otherwise in older age they will eventually grow into the same tall former seedling trees but with a maximum height usually only about 40 to 70 percent is great durian trees are sometimes said to have a lifespan of 80 to 150 years although they appear to be inherently capable of living for centuries fruit production decreases in very old trees though the fruit quality tends to noticeably increase with age durian is a tropical fruit it grows successfully up to 800 meters elevation near the equator and up to 18 degrees from the equator a temperature of 24 to 30 degrees Celsius and relative humidity of 75 to 80 is preferred a well-distributed rainfall of 1 500 millimeters and above is needed but dry spells are needed to stimulate flowering it requires a short dry spell of two to eight weeks for flower induction depending on the Clone the durian prefers Sandy to Clay loam which is free from water logging with a pH 5 to 6.5 undulating soils up to 12 degrees gradient are suitable though steeper slopes up to 25 degrees can also be planted with durian on Terraces there is evidence to show that durian clones are influenced by specific environmental factors [Music] the production of durian seed starts from the stage of preparing the rootstock durian seeds as much as 100 kilograms can give around 5000 to 5500 seeds durian seeds are cleaned first [Music] the rest of the durian contents are removed and washed first before sowing in order to avoid fungal infection foreign [Music] Nursery media which is river sand is suitable for durian seed nurseries the nursery area is leveled first before planting seed Nursery foreign [Music] approximately 2000 to 3000 seeds can be sown per Nursery plot [Music] foreign [Music] seed Nursery [Music] foreign to 14 days after sowing [Music] [Music] germination percentage around 50 to 60 percent 21 days after sowing foreign [Music] foreign [Music] the tip of the root is cut a little seedlings ready to plan moving and organizing poly bags [Music] thank you [Music] seedlings move to polybags [Music] thank you after one to two months transferred [Music] foreign [Music] dispose of weeds in poly bags [Music] seedlings ready to be grafted [Music] grafting of durian buds foreign grafting knife grafting tape secateurs [Music] pencil labels plant tags marker Second Step grafting basic materials Whiting durian tree seedling choose a healthy and fertile trees there are three to four levels of mature leaves age about four to five months [Music] butt eyes choose the glowing green the bud is shaped like a crab's eye third step start grafting durian seedling clear one-third of the rod circumference [Music] peeling the skin like a window foreign the size of the buds should be smaller than the size of the waiting tree examples of Good Buds [Music] stick the buds on the window part of the waiting tree wrap from the bottom of the grafting Point directing up [Music] make sure the joint tape does not cover the bud point [Music] fourth step opening the join grafted durian sapling is two weeks old grafted durian sapling is 30 days old joint tape should be opened after three to four weeks of joining [Music] foreign [Music] is 40 days old grafted durian sapling is 50 days old grafted durian sapling is 70 days old foreign [Music] durian sapling is four months old grafted durian sapling is five months old how to plant durian sapling basic needs durian seedlings blacknet [Music] fiber man one meter wooden stake [Music] durian organic fertilizer [Music] planting method foreign [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] durian has a shallow root system and is therefore very sensitive to dry environments it cannot tolerate prolonged droughts at the nursery stage seedlings are watered twice daily in the mornings and afternoons to provide enough water for root development the correct soil mix in the poly bags is necessary to drain away excess water as water logging May encourage Real's octonial Leaf blight [Music] field planting is usually done at the onset of the rainy season good drainage is required to avoid puddles in the root region which may hinder proper root development drip irrigation at a rate of four to six liter per day per plant depending on the size of the plant is recommended [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] initiation starts during the dry months a longer drought period encourages profuse flowering [Music] during these months minimal irrigation is necessary to support vegetative growth a prolonged drought during fruit development may result in a high incidence of uneven fruit ripening okay [Music] ample water at about six to eight liter per day per plant is necessary during fruit development [Music] excess water encourages vegetative growth which may result in premature fruit drop [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] weeds around newly planted seedlings are removed manually coconut fronts are sometimes used as a mulch and also for protection against the Sun in the areas away from the root region the weeds are controlled mechanically with a lawnmower or grass cutter unwanted branches on the seedling that Sprout just above the soil surface are removed during the second year the area around the tree is still mulched contact we decides are sprayed around the plants at three-month intervals cover crops are grown to control weeds in other parts of the orchard ensure the cover crops do not creep over the durian plants in the mature field with the control both manually as well as with chemical sprays weed control is usually carried out during the onset of the rainy season pruning pruning is done a year after planting most durian clones bear fruit on primary and secondary branches the durian has to be trained with a main stem with primary branches developing around it a balanced brunt Arrangement is necessary to obtain the maximum yield potential excess primary branches developed at acute angles compete with the main stem and have to be removed at the first level five to eight primary branches are kept at about 75 centimeters above the soil level [Music] to strengthen the primary branches the growth of the main stem is reduced by keeping it below 1.5 meters tall however the size of the primary branches should not exceed 30 of the main stem the primary branches are bench cut to control their growth in the fourth year of growth prune the secondary branches to help even out the distribution of sunlight through the canopy year one good vegetative growth no pruning is necessary encourage the growth of main stem year two acute branches are removed five to eight lateral primary branches are maintained in a balanced Arrangement the first level at about 75 centimeters above ground year 3 removal of main stem to control plant height to develop and strengthen primary lateral branches year 4 pruna's secondary branches to help even out the distribution of sunlight through the canopy [Music] durian trees grown from seed begin to bear fruit at eight to ten years grafted durian trees begin to produce at four to six years it takes about 110 to 120 days from flowering to harvest [Music] the global Trader durian fruit is currently dominated by two countries whereby China dominates the import activities while Thailand dominates the export followed by Malaysia the Harvest area for durian in Malaysia has been expanding as durian is one of the most profitable fruits for farmers and exporters the musen king variety also known as Mao Shan Wong or D 197 is the most popular of the several varieties of durian produced and exported in Malaysia the musang king is dubbed the King of Kings and the most sought after variety of durian in the world due to its exceptionally good flavor texture and aroma musan King has a rich and decadent custard like flesh with our aromatic flavor that is sweet and creamy with complex notes of vanilla caramel Fresh Cream and jackfruit musen King is notable for its pleasantly Bittersweet aftertaste and rich flavor around 65 to 70 of the musan king variety is produced in pahang located in central Malaysia durian has become the most popular crop planted in Malaysia making up to 41 of the land cultivated or about 70 000 hectares nowadays durian especially musan King is considered as a gold commodity and a new source of income for Malaysia for 2016 the production area decreased slightly so does the production this was due to the prolonged drought condition in the major growing areas in Johor and pahang since 2018 the cultivated area and production has increased back to about 73 000 hectares in 2020 the planted area for durians was approximately 76.9 000 hectares an increase from the previous year [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] thank you [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] across Thailand durian Farmland has spiked from just 96 000 hectares in 2012 to 152 000 hectares in 2019 according to the office of agricultural economics mantong is the most commercially sought after and famous durian variety of Thailand it means golden pillow in Thai it produces large elongated oval cylindrical fruits tapering at the Starland the large fruit has a pronounced beak lobed yellowish Brown each weighing about two to six kilograms the peduncle is thick and moderately long and the Rind is thick and covered with sharp pointed small conical densely packed spines each fruit has 10 to 15 arrows and many small shrunken seeds each locule has usually three large thick creamy smooth pale yellow arrows the pulp has mild odor and of excellent quality constituting more than 30 edible portion and has little physiological disorders this cultivar is very good for processing into preserved Frozen pulps it bears fruit after eight years of planting its poor fruit characters include the coarse texture flesh the high fiber and the flesh exhibit non-uniform ripening it is susceptible to fight a Thora foreign durians are one of the main durian varieties featured at the Canterbury fruit Festival in the province of Canterbury in Southeastern Thailand Canterbury is known as the tropical fruit bowl of Thailand and the 10-day Annual Festival in May focuses on local crops grown in the region including durian [Music] foreign [Music] flowers are strongly fragrant 50 to 70 millimeters long and grow in stalked clusters of 1 to 45 individual flowers per cluster these flower clusters hang from the main and smaller branches or directly from the trunk of the tree it takes about one month for a durian flower to develop from first appearance as a tiny Bud to an open blossom as it matures the outer fleshy part of the flower splits to reveal five United sepals and five petals durian flowers are hermaphrodites each having a stamen and pistol in the same flower durian flowers show a high degree of self-incompatibility and have to be cross-pollinated with other trees to set fruit bats and moths are believed to be the main pollinators [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] collection of fruits in Malaysia it is a traditional practice to allow the durian fruits to ripen on the tree and drop naturally where they are collected or harvested daily over the fruiting season at the start and end of the season fruits are collected only once a day usually in the morning because of the low number of fruits during the peak of the fruiting season the twice a day scheduled morning and evening of collection may be necessary the durian fruit may drop either during the day or throughout the night tree harvesting of fruits harvesting the fruit off the tree is a common practice in Thailand fruits are harvested at a mature stage and are then artificially ripened for the markets the number of days of maturity after anthesis is commonly used as a guide for harvesting durian fruit other maturity indices usually based on fruits external appearance may be applied to confirm the maturity stage the bulging abscission Zone and the absition layer on the fruit stem and the appearance of striking carpal sutures on the fruit of very important indicators for mature fruits the carpal sutures on mature fruits can be seen very clearly from underneath the tree to harvest durian the stem should be cut three to four centimeters or more above the absition layer the stem is usually cut with a sharp knife or a pair of secateurs for tall branches a long pole fitted with a cutting device is used fruits can also be harvested by climbing the trees during harvesting the fruit should be prevented from falling to the ground as the fruit is very sensitive to Mechanical injury and fruit spines can be easily damaged due to the impact of the Fall the harvested fruit can be dropped into a bucket attached to a rope tied to its handle the bucket with the fruit is then lowered To The Ground by releasing the Rope slowly to avoid contact with dirt or infection by pathogens harvested fruits should not be placed on the ground they should be placed in field containers immediately after harvesting the fruits would take about five to seven days to ripen global trade in durian fruit is dominated by two countries at the moment Thailand dominates exports and China dominates Imports according to trademap the two largest exporters are durian fruit in 2016 were Thailand and Malaysia with 403 million kilograms and 18 million kilograms respectively together these two countries accounted for 99 of global exports although Thailand and Malaysia are the largest exporters of durian the composition of their markets is quite different Thailand's production is predominantly exported while production in Malaysia is consumed domestically global trade in durian can be Quantified in two ways firstly buy a trade in raw fruit form and secondly through trade in durian-based end products the retail value of durian fruit trade domestically and internationally in raw fruit form fresh frozen paste and Pulp was estimated to have a retail value of over 15 billion United States dollars in 2016. Global Demand by 2030 is conservatively expected to grow to more than 25 billion United States dollars driven primarily by Chinese demand in terms of urine and products the global trade value is difficult to ascertain due to the limited availability of data durian and products include the market segments of desserts snacks and beverages its share of these markets is unknown but combined in Asia are worth over 275 billion United States dollars annually and grown durian and products have been growing in prominence over the past couple of years with large FNB Brands such as Pizza Hut KFC Nestle and Starbucks introducing products to capture customer demand China is the world's largest importer of durian with approximately 292 million kilograms imported in 2016. its Imports have risen significantly over the past decade up 13.12 per annum between 2006 and 2016. China accounts for 60 to 80 of Global Imports depending on the source of data U.N contrary data indicates the figure is 82 percent while trade map suggests it's 66 percent this is due to trade map including Vietnamese Imports based on mirror data which raised total Global Imports and reduced China's share [Music] headquartered Canterbury Global Foods raw material selection select only unblemished produce with perfect ripeness [Music] washing raw material clean and sanitize fruit surface before entering production line [Music] start preparing before entering processing area every step follows personal hygiene practices based on gmps [Music] a shower at the entry of processing area to remove dust fibrous and other contaminants from personnel peeling and cutting fruits prepare and sort out damaged fruit before sending to next process bricks measurement check pH and bricks in every lot to ensure the consistency of product taste [Music] spiral freezing allows Frozen fruits to maintain original freshness flavor and texture free freeze drying temperature measurement care in every detail for the best quality of finished product vacuum freeze drying removes moisture at low temperature without damaging the original flavor shape and nutrients cold storage at -35 degrees Celsius to keep fruits fresh for customer demand throughout the year [Music] good sanitation and hygiene practices ensure cleanliness of personnel and Facilities to prevent any contamination during production [Music] quality control employ food safety and quality testing to ensure the products meet International standards [Music] multiple industrial scale freeze dryers capable to produce up to 400 Mt of dried product per year metal detector prioritize consumer safety by ensuring no any metallic foreign body in the products [Music] packing process select only the best to deliver to customers [Music] global trade in durian can be Quantified in two ways firstly via trade in raw fruit form and secondly through trade in durian-based end products the retail value of durian fruit trade domestically and internationally in raw fruit form fresh frozen paste and Pulp was estimated to have a retail value of over 15 billion United States dollars in 2016. Global Demand by 2030 is conservatively expected to grow to more than 25 billion United States dollars driven primarily by Chinese demand in terms of durian and products the global trade value is difficult to ascertain due to the limited availability of data durian is still considered a relatively Niche product with growth still in its infancy durian and products include the market segments are desserts snacks and beverages its share of these markets is unknown but combined in Asia are worth over 275 billion United States dollars annually and grown durian and products have been growing in prominence over the past couple of years with large FNB Brands such as Pizza Hut KFC Nestle and Starbucks introducing products to capture customer demand [Music] foreign list is provided as a guide for some of the most popular durian varieties pricing has been collated from a variety of local based stores and converted to US dollar per kilogram kindly note that these prices are for reference purposes only with durian market prices often changing due to seasonality and other demand and Supply factors additionally market prices are also a function of store location and perceived quality musan King durian which is also known as Mao Shan Wong or d197 is the most sought after and expensive durian variety due to its appealing flavor and texture prices for musang King durian in the key markets of Malaysia Singapore Hong Kong and China [Music] be exported to any country or region durian must follow certain hygiene standards have a long shelf life and be packaged well to protect them during international shipping durian helps an entire durians with shells can be frozen quickly and vacuum sealed vacuum packaging vacuum skin packaging bsp and modified atmosphere packaging map changed atmosphere packaging are the most common durian packaging types packaging machines for these packing types have varying production capacities allowing durian processing factories to choose the best equipment for their needs before exportation the entire Frozen durian must be vacuum packed as a result vacuum packing machines are very common in the packaging process since the weight and scale of holdurians vary greatly sight sorting is needed before packing since a whole durian is a comparatively large commodity to be vacuum sealed chamber vacuum sealers specifically equipped for a deep cavity of about 20 centimeters are widely used [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] okay [Music] [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] foreign

Channel: Science & Technology UI

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Keywords: durian farm, durian farming, how to plant durian tree, how to plant durian, how to plant durian seedling, durian nursery, how to graft seedling durian, durian life cycle, durian farm irrigation system, durian pruning, durian growth and development, durian flowers, durian fruit, durian ecology, King of tropical fruit, durian Musang King, D197, Mothong Durian, Chanthaburi durian, global durian trade and development, durian harvesting method, durian exports and imports

Id: RzHgY5dRkXc

Length: 47min 33sec (2853 seconds)

Published: Mon Nov 14 2022