- Hello and welcome to
this Haas Tip of the Day. So we wanna program a CNC mill, so you pull out the manual (books hitting table) (people groaning) (accordion music) and you start reading. That is a lot of code! Now those aren't really our manuals. This guy is. But still, there are enough
codes in here to choke a horse! (horse neigh) So where do we start? Inside this envelope are the top secret nine lines of code that
every CNC programmer knows. The nine lines of code that
you need to fully understand before you write your first program, so stick around as we look inside. (upbeat music) Everything from me
begins with my setup key. So check this out, I've
got a block loaded up here. Now if you're tightening
up those tools by hand. You have been preparing
to be a CNC programmer your entire life. You might just not know it. Our moms, our teachers,
and even the Cookie Monster started off teaching
us how to count cookies before we could ride a bike and by kindergarten or first grade, we took those numbers and
laid 'em across a number line from zero to 10, but all on a single axis. And by fifth grade,
they added another axis and we started plotting
pairs in both an X and a Y in a single quadrant. And then by sixth grade,
our minds were blown when they started adding
in negative values, negative numbers. We now had both positive
and negative X values. Positive and negative Y values and we were taught to
plot coordinate pairs in all four quadrants. It started to look like a CNC machine. In fact, just about half of
our sixth grade math class was basically an intro
to CNC programming class. Now with these templates, they've made things
incredibly easy for us. All the lines that are
connected are called a shape. Shape one, shape two, shape three. They gave us very specific instructions. We can plot each point on the axes and connect them in order. Do not connect the shapes to each other. This makes sense. We grab our pen or pencil, (folk music) we're gonna draw the shape. When done, we pull our pen off the paper, move to the next shape,
come back down the paper, continue with that second contour. Now these templates are
everywhere on the internet. You can find tons of
them just by Googling, "graphing coordinate pairs". Or you can create your own. (alarm noise) (people cheering) So having mastered the art of middle school graphing
of coordinate pairs, we can prepare to move from this to machining on actual machines, but we need some codes. Tyler, the envelope, please. (laughs) Perfect. These are, what I think, are the nine most basic lines of code that every CNC programmer knows. Before you can program this, you need to understand what each and every one
of these lines does. This is where we start. Now, don't worry about
writing all this down. We'll link to this document in
the description of the video. Now, these look like pretty simple codes. You probably already know them if you're already a programmer, but the bonus content that you'll download is kind of an expanded version. It'll have these basic nine
lines of code for mill. In the bonus content, we'll
add the nine lines for lathe and we'll also give
you what to study next. The more advanced codes. Because just about every part
that you will every program can be made using just
the codes on this sheet. A really, really good resource. We've boiled down that entire manual (books hitting table) (people groaning) (singing) into a single page for you. Now, right in the middle
of these nine lines of code is a little section that's labeled, "Dot-to-dot XYZ locations". Now these are simply the dot-to-dot points that we've all been graphing
since sixth grade or earlier. If you put together enough shapes, you've got a CNC program. You can engrave, you can face, you can machine a primer of a part just by drawing it on graphing paper then dropping those XYZ
locations right here in the middle of this program. Now, this is not a how-to video. It's just, showing you which codes you need to study first, kind of video, but we'll give you a quick definition of each of these right now. This code is book-ended by percent signs, both at the top and the
bottom of the program. Our legacy controls require this and the new ones can get away without it, but it's always a good
idea just to throw them in. Now, on our very first
line, we have our O number. That is an O, not a zero,
followed by a unique number that serves as our program identifier. The text behind right after
our O number is in parentheses. Text in parentheses is typically
ignored by the program. It's just a comment that
we leave for the operator. Next line, we've got our M06 T1. This is our command to put
tool number one in the spindle. The next line is M03 S7500. Now, that line commands
our spindle on and off in much the same way that we would command our
cordless drill to work. An M03 is like pressing
the forward button. It makes our spindle turn clockwise. If we press the reverse button, that's like commanding
an M04 on our spindle. It makes the spindle turn counterclockwise or anticlockwise. And the S7500 commands 7,500
revolutions per minute. That's just how fast
the spindle will move. Now, we're not gonna go too far in depth on any of these codes, we're just giving an overview here. The real benefit of this whole video is just showing you which
codes you gotta know. G54 is a particular work
offset that this part uses. It references the G54 row
on our work offset page. Now, we've made whole videos on this, so be sure to check out the links. G00, G90, G17. These codes are part of what
we call our safe startup line. The G00 commands a rapid move. It's used to go fast, not for cutting. G90 commands absolute mode, which just means that all of our XYZ moves are referenced off a single zero point. The same way there was
a zero reference point at the center of our graphing paper. G17 is our plane selection, which lets a control know
we are drawing machining in the XY plane. Here, we have our XY starting position. Now, it's where our tool will go first. Like the first XY position
of our first shape that we drew on graphing paper. G43 H01. Now, these codes work together to let the machine know where our tool is in relationship to our
machine and our part in the Z axis, along the Z. Now, we usually use H01
if we're using tool one. They typically match. H01 references the row one
on the tool offset page. We've also got a Z move on this line. This is the very first
Z move of the program. You never, ever, ever,
ever wanna command a Z move unless you've commanded a G43 H something, H that matches your
tool number, beforehand. Otherwise, the control's not gonna where that tool is in space. Now, we've made entire videos
on this, so check them out. Check out the links in the description. M08 turns on our coolant. M09 would turn it off. And now we come to our first feed move. G01 Z minus. G01 just means that we
wanna machine in a line. Just like our dot-to-dots. This G01 feed move always
requires an F feed rate, which is in inches per minute
or millimeters per minute by default on your machine. And we're back to dot-to-dot. Dot-to-dot is where we enter
in all of our XY locations. The things that we wanna draw. The shapes. But between each shape,
we've gotta have a Z move to get us back up and off of the part. So again, G01 is for machining, feeding from point to point. G00 is for rapiding from spot to spot, between shapes, between cuts. When we're all done, we wrap it up G00, off of our part in the Z, and then we end the program with an M30. If you are an operator
and you want to machine, you wanna program, start here. Learn these codes first. If you're a student
and you wanna get ahead in your G-code programming
class, start here. Once you've created your
code, you'll wanna check it. We can run this in
graphics on the machine. Press the graphics button,
set your offsets, let it run, but I'm gonna show you our
desktop mill right now. Now, this desktop mill
typically runs a tiny end mill to machine out parts, but we have a pen
attachment in it right now, which allows us to proof out our programs and to practice our code writing. It's just perfect for
this type of testing. Well, that is it for this
Tip of the Day pretty much. Remember, start here. You gotta learn all these codes. Well, before you go, be
sure to hit the like button and be sure to download the bonus content that we link to in the description. Not only do we have all these mill codes, these basic mill codes, we also have those same
basic nine lines of code for your lathe. You don't wanna miss that. Basic mill, basic lathe. Next we've got all the
advanced codes for you. Things that you need to learn next, and if there was a next next, it would be find yourself
a modern CAM system. So much easier. Learn the G-code and then
move onto a CAM system. Truly, thank you for letting
us be a part of your success and for watching this Haas Tip of the Day. (upbeat music) Everything for me begins
with my setup key. So check this out, I've
got a block loaded up here. Now, if you're tightening
up those tools by hand.
