What's up guys! This is a water burner, spectacular. We made it a few years ago, now we'll show you how it's done inside, only we cool it because it's hot. This is a beautiful idea you had, Mike. It's based on a technology that practically gave birth to everything. it is an ancient technology but still current, always current. Let's try this, still hot. So this tube is made of copper as you may have seen and inside there is this which is carbon felt soaked in water and be careful this is the trick of the zinc bars. Copper and zinc should make you remember something easily. We dismantle it all because already here I think we can see that it is empty, there is nothing else. Volta's pile. Volta's pile. Alessandro Volta. Generation of current from two different metals with an electrolyte but also electrolysis which splits water into hydrogen and oxygen and the nice thing is that they already come out in proportion. There you go, there's nothing else in here, it's absolutely empty. In fact, I really wanted to replace this one, so let's do this too. Yes, with heat if it's broken. If it's broken then I'll make it again. Oh well, I don't. Never mind that otherwise I'll get hurt. To see. Or maybe now that it's warm it flows. meanwhile I have a copper tube, this is a 3D printer nozzle like these, they are easily found on sale and now we will explain what the trick is and we will build an even more powerful one like a jar of the pair. Before construction we will explain the operating principle to you. We have two glasses of water, one cold water 17 degrees, one hot water 44 degrees. It's not even hot, just see. Here is the tester, we measure the current that passes, we immerse 0.029 mA, an imperceptible current because just a little salt dissolved in the water creates a very small passage of current. Hot water, 14 mA, actually it goes further, it goes further off the scale. A lot of current already passes, 6-7, and if I go further down with the electrodes even more current passes. This is something that Alessandro Volta had not discovered because he simply worked with the battery at room temperature, it was actually a very large battery. I believe Volta's original battery is still available in some museum . it's made of rave discs and zinc discs interspersed with a wet rag or paper soaked in dilute sulfuric acid solutions and therefore he certainly wasn't going to heat it up to see what would happen. He thought about using acid instead, this is not essential to circulate a certain amount of current. And so basically what happens inside this tube, what is it? Which is soaked in water, here we have zinc, here we have copper, the same heat of the flame that passes through the tube is brought back and heats the water almost to boiling and here those 7-800 mA are formed of sufficient current to carry out the electrolysis inside, so that oxygen and hydrogen are produced again and burned, the heat comes back and this continues to power our torch as long as there is water. Something that also lasts a long time because when water turns from liquid to steam, and this is why the first trains were also made with steam, it expands 1800 times, therefore with very little water so we have a lot of gas to use. Well, let's start with some very common copper tube, it will have to remain under the lid more or less up to this height, here we will solder it, we will make two holes and here we will give it a little space and start bending it. We will make two turns. It's pretty tough to bend like that but you know you can still do it. One and two. We can also close them a little more and then widen them so at least they remain parallel. All right. It must have been really crude. Because this is truly something everyone can do at home. Let's give him a break. It's Alessandro Volta this time. I'll tell you one by Alessandro Volta. I'll tell you that he had given advice to the Zamboni base, who was developing a paper row, that is, a row always made of copper and zinc, but with paper discs , very thin copper, very thin zinc, and he gave me the I recommend using honey first to keep the honey slightly moist, made up of various typical sugars, as well as frustose, which keeps the humidity in hieroscopic. He had recommended using manganese dioxide as the positive electrode. Manganese dioxide is a powerful depolarizer, it is still used in pyres, even alkaline ones. He had advised Zamboni to use that, but he didn't use it in his pyre, another thing he didn't know, besides boiling water, cold water. He didn't know these things, I don't know why he gave this advice. Then it was used by the clanché in its alle clanché battery, which is basically the carbon zinc battery, which then transformed it into an alkaline battery and there is always manganese dioxide. in the meantime I'm inserting a small stainless steel thread which will later serve as a probe to pull the wick in. I didn't want to interrupt you. Yes yes no but I'm done, I was looking at what you were doing and then practically instead of the carbon felt which is very thick and tends to tear we will use normal cotton thread, with the trick though, and we put the galvanized thread. So the galvanizing of the wire itself makes the other electrode. Electrolysis basically happens in here. Exact. And the length of the tube is as if they were two plates of large surface area. Practically in the jar there is only the water that will be drawn up. let it pass because now I think it's almost there, damn it, it's very hard. Then I also remember Volta who practically invented the first lighter in history. Yes, he invented a lighter that worked like this. He collected marsh gas by placing a bell jar in the water where it bubbled up in the marshes. Basically he put it upside down like this pot, filled it, turned it and held it still over the bubbles. Little by little the bubbles filled this container, as in a gasometer, and the water escaped and then he closed it in the container with the swamp gas which is methane, it is a place mainly for methane and this lighter he put the swamp gas in a pressurized container and there was a tap controlled by a lever. This lever simultaneously opened the tap and pulled up an electrode of the vault electrophorus. If you're interested in what it is, go and see in the physics video playlist, there's that too, we made it bigger with more discharges. Basically he removed the lever, opened the tap, the gas from the swamps came out and an electrode gave and lit the flame of this little device. Then they made similar ones using sulfuric acid and zinc which made hydrogen. Hold it tight, I'm coming, double it, take it again. We have to make a little wick, hoping that's enough. That was beautiful too because all the stuff built in those years there had a wonderful aesthetic. All glass, two. I believe that we have already reached a certain depth, it should be enough. This wick will pull on the water. Let's make a hook, let's do this again from scratch. it will pull up the water that will enter the tube and it will pull up by capillarity like a candle stuffing and this water will react inside. When the system is hot the water will do that that you saw before, will generate electricity. Let's go straight for a moment, we'll cut it because on this side we burned it first with the flame, we burned the zinc. So I would do it like this, put the thread here and with this we make a hook, nice and thin so it doesn't get stuck. close the hooks there well, if they open in there we won't be able to get them out. Yes. Let's put this, let's put this, okay, and we'll turn this over to him? Yes yes yes sure. Like this. Then we cut the row that doesn't get stuck. Okay. Let's make a little cut. A cut here then I'll fold it again. Yes. Perfect, I can't wait to see it in operation because this one must be really powerful. I'm putting on my glasses anyway because we're starting to get into the little things. And what do I do, give you this and I take this? Better drive them both, that one is a bit worn out. Ah no, it's the thread of... ok, like this. Try a little. I try yes yes it flows very well excellent here it is let's also leave a little longer wait so abundant that they fish well in the water here we cut ok do they cut these? yes there is the wire tied, we have the copper inside in contact with various points because it makes these curves. Here, ready. Now we have a job left to do. Let's go drill practically here. Let's make two plus or minus signs. I would go here, then there is the gobetta, I would go here. I would tell myself to do one here. Look, there are the cup things. One here and one here. Let's take a tip and get equipped. Well, we have our screwdriver, let's make the two holes, one here and one here, okay? They are slightly smaller holes. Now the trick is to make small holes, I have to press it a little because it came a little on the metal. Then they spread out, and I'll use this 6 point as a reference. When it goes in, the tips are slightly smaller than the diameter of the hole they make. Now you can collect, in the meantime I'll already expand the other one. They are a little smaller, so if you push them in, the tube pushes in again. In this way a kind of drawing is created. A deep drawing is created, more surface is created here, you see this has come here, this edge, let's cut off for a moment these beards which I dislike and then there is another advantage of this system if you make the hole a little bigger just do it like this, just squeeze around it a little and the hole becomes smaller again, the tube you put in is always blocked precisely. Then another thing, here there is a bar still to be removed, another thing, now we are going to solder that copper tube here with the solder, so let's check, this one goes in, this one goes in, sorry, so we should clean the paint here at the top. And the tube too? And let's give the tube a clean too, you see that it simply goes away with the wool and then the tin will have its place to attach. Since it's not much welding, I'd say we can do everything with this very convenient kitchen torch. So would you come here? Yes I would let it out like that a lot. Yes, let's clean an area here and then see when we insert it. Perfect yes because of the lid which is made of tinned steel, copper is much more conductive so it carries a lot of heat with it. Now we have to let these galvanized wires stick out? So already inside, surely in the turn they make they touch the copper and therefore they already close the circuit with the passage to the current. If you can cut a piece of it, let it sprout properly. But yes, we can cut them shorter. The important part is the part inside the tube. And the important thing here is that there are wicks that give you on the water. So, let's get these into the holes, one by one. Taken. Okay. It is taken. Help, you've stuck the galvanized wire on me. ok, let's unblock the wires. This is really something anyone can build, I don't see. Me too, that's how I see it now. So, behold, this one entered, this one was already entering. It can be brought to the height we want. I'd say put it like this. I'll bend it a little more here, so it fits in even better. Ok, a little more. I would say so, because I wouldn't want the heat to then act too much on the lid, maybe it burns the gasket, I would say no, but that's fine, then the flame should start. So, at this point we move on to welding. Let's move on to welding, or I'll make, look, the hole already. So, let's expand here for a moment, since it's copper, we can expand and tighten it as many times as we want. Let's see if there's something more, these pliers here perhaps, if they don't break. Ok, let's create some space to make a little hole. I would use a 0.8 mm tip, these micro tips are really comfortable. So, this one here is the largest one is the 2, 1.8, 1.5, 1.2, this one is the 1 and this one here is the 0.8 0.9 we have put the tip to work in these very narrow spaces with such a small tip and such a large chuck it is not we can do it. These little drills here are exceptional because they allow you to get into places you can't normally reach. The tip is very sharp so it won't take much to get through, we're almost there, just a little more, ok, very good. Now it can be tightened. You can shrink it a little, then we'll do two or three tests, let's see, and we solder it, we solder it, or rather the correct term would be, tin braised. Here you just heat the tube and then you will carry the heat down to the jar. If, however, we heated the jar directly with the flame, the tube would still be cold and would not stick. Little by little, it's starting to melt. Don't heat too much so as not to burn the wire inside. So. Here it is. it's shot everywhere. See what a beautiful shave? No, there is, there is. We will see each other. Ah yes, a little more here. And we do the same on the other side too. Here we are. So, we will use some Tuscan source acqua panna. I would say to do more or less like this, then we'll see. I'll drink this instead, since I'm thirsty. Great! So, let's put it here. We see that the thread is starting to absorb a little water, at least we give it a little twist like this. Otherwise it takes half an hour to get up. We make a kind of torch to bring the water to temperature and the reaction begins. In the meantime, we'll show you this carbon felt which is also used to make fireproof things, it can be touched without problems because it is an excellent thermal insulator. It is also used, for example, when welding a pipe near the wall. To avoid dirtying the wall with the flame, this material is placed behind it, to prevent it from getting dirty with the flame. We use commercial red alcohol. Sing these caps here against children, you make them on purpose against children. I used it as a child and would have been annoyed with a cap like that. Back then they were very simple caps. Ok, I'd say that it's enough to light it, let's keep it away and at this point let's unload our stove. We trigger the whole electrochemical reaction. It's great to have a water stove because in any condition it's the trigger that's the problem. It takes a while to ignite if fuel is needed. We have the thermometer which I also wanted to take a look at. 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will be will will be will will be will be will will be will will be will will be won will be that it will be . I don't know if we want... we have our assistant turn off the lights. Did you know that maybe I made a hole that was too big? And it makes a big, short flame, but it works. It's working, damn, already... It's increasing, you know? Oh no, a little too dark, so I can't see anything anymore. What is this? Steel? Yes, warm, warm. Look at this stuff, it's blowing, the flame is even coming off, it's throwing an exaggerated jet. The flame is detached, beautiful. It gets really hot! See with this tad bit. Be careful there's alcohol on the other side. Otherwise it turns back on. Let's talk about the trick for a moment. Obviously it's not infinite. Zinc, slowly even if very, very slowly, is also consumed at an industrial level if you want to do so. You know we need a little bit of something here to keep the flame going. Or squeeze the tubes a little so that they block it. Before it cools down, a zinc ribbon should be made which is dragged inside and perhaps gets zincated and then goes back into circulation. It could be, I'm not saying an infinite system, but it would last a very long time. I think that a burner like this already has those 800-900 watts of power because... Oh yes, it's a tense flame, very intense. I've always liked water burners. It's magic, it seems like magic. Their charm. Even if a scientific explanation is needed. It's true, this is how you keep the flame completely closed, it's true. And then it is built with materials that everyone has at home, maybe just a small rod like this for welding. This is very convenient for making small soldering. If you don't yet know the Caos della Leggenda channel, subscribe and follow us because we will post these and other interesting videos on energy. I get closer again. Look what you can see when the flame goes out that just makes the water steam. Oh yes, yes. Oh now. Do you have a piece of aluminum? I look, big how? Because I want to show something. Large, like a heatsink, a plate. Ah, a very large aluminum plate, yes I have it. Look here you can almost let it cool down a bit because it's blowing too much. I would like to try to do this thing here, to put some wire, make a good grill, a grill that traps the flame and is hot, the flame remains attached, a hot wire acts as a catalyst. Does it act as a catalyst? Yes. Beautiful. It could also be improved by studying some catalyst to put inside together with the zinc. Oh but the same copper! Yes it's true copper itself is a good catalyst. Did you find the aluminum? Yes. Here I wanted to show this thing here. It's true, yes, I understand. That oxygen and hydrogen when they burn, here it is, they basically make water, they go back to being water. It's all foggy, yes. The water from before that was here is practically transformed into two gases which then recombine and return. And if you want to recondense it you can put it back into circulation. With little water, with the same water. Look now, now it's better, now the flame won't escape anymore. And here you see that the water level practically does not drop. It consumes very little. Before consuming it all it will take seven Yes because think about it, this water then transforms into two gases which are gases and therefore create a lot of volume and a lot of flame. It is a water that is also used to make coffee. One could make coffee with water and use the other water to heat the coffee maker. We thank everyone who made us an offer on our Ko-Fi platform which we then use to purchase materials, equipment and do other scientific studies on apparatus and things of the sort. Water is the very source of life, water where fish swim, water where water is truly the energy of the world. I will then want to perfect this, I wanted to try to make it a little bigger, but always keep it portable, so now I'm studying a better design, but that's already the case. Two o-rings, two turned pieces, you could make something that you can put in there. You should melt some zinc sticks to the size you fit it in. Cartridge type. Yes, but it's great. You can feel the burning of the flame up here. Very powerful. Small but caloric flame aside. If you like our videos, follow us, above all share with all the people who love energy themes and I would say that with this we can say goodbye. Thanks to Alessandro Volta for helping us in this endeavor and nice guys!
