Money, money, money is so
funny in a rich man's world. Vanity Fair. I'm not a rich man, so I can't afford half of the things in here.
Speaking of which, we're talking about money, and in this lesson what I want to do is teach
you a bunch of phrasal verbs that we use to talk about spending money, saving money, and
paying back debts that we use quite commonly. And I'm going to teach you how to use them,
and what they are, and have some fun with you. Are you ready? Let's
go to the board. Okay? E, it's not funny, I got no money. E is all,
see? Got dollar signs for eyes. You might see that. If you're having a problem, take
your screen and enlarge it to full screen, there's a little button. And we actually have
a video on that, go check that out if you don't know how to use your YouTube. Okay?
Anyway, E's got his eyes... He's got dollar signs for eyes, because he's got money in his
hand. And if you're lucky, you have money, too; but when you don't have money, well,
it's time to learn some phrases to help you with that. Okay? So, here's our dollar sign, here, and let's
start with having money or saving it. Okay? If you're lucky... Well, let's start with
just having enough. A lot of people just have enough money. And how do we talk about that
in English? Well, what you can say is this: "I'm getting by". "Getting by" means I don't
have a lot of money, and I'm surviving. So I can't go on big trips or do anything, but
I'm not poor and I don't have zero money, but I have enough to get my food, and pay
my rent or my homestay, and pay some other things for me, maybe my cellphone and my internet,
but nothing special; no car, no fancy trips, no bling, bling, bling or great jewellery. You
know what I mean? So, that's "getting by". It's kind of positive because it means I'm
not bad, but it's not fantastic, like: "I'm rich!" Okay? Let's talk about "scrape by", because this
is have just enough. When you're scraping by, imagine you have this thing here-okay?-and
this thing. And there's gum on here, and you want to get the gum off, you're going to...
That's called scraping. And when you scrape, sometimes you'll take a little bit of the
paper off with it, just a little bit, when you scrape. In Canada, we have winter, and
when we have ice on our windows, we scrape the ice to get rid of it. It's a lot of work,
it's not lots of fun. You probably understand the phrasal verb now, right? When you're scraping
by, you just have enough money. But unlike "getting by", because notice how we have "get",
we have you're getting something, you're given something, which is good, you're getting money,
that's why you get by; 'scraping" by means just a little bit. Just enough. And you feel
negative. You don't feel good when you're scraping by. Every day is heavy and hard,
because you almost don't have enough money to pay for everything. Sorry. You
need a job or a better one. Okay. So, what happens? How do we change this, "scraping
by"? Why don't we do something like this, why don't we save some money? In English,
we have two phrasal verbs you can use for saving money. Notice the up sign: "to save
up". When you save up money... Think of it this way: Doo, doo, doo, doo, doo, doo, doo.
You increase your money. You usually save your money up for something big, like a car,
a vacation, retirement. And retirement is when you stop working forever. You're older,
65-70, you finish work and you don't want to work again, you want to play golf, or go
baseball, go sailing. You retire. So, you save up. These are for big purchases. So,
it won't be $100. It'll be $1,000, $10,000, a million dollars. A million dollars.
[Laughs] Okay. We have another one for saving, though, and we
call it: "put aside". You might have difficulty because probably you've
never heard of "aside". This is my side, this
is on the other side. Okay? So when we say "aside", it's like here,
on the side. On the side is "aside". Okay? Sometimes we speak and say: "I want to make
an aside", which means I'm going to give you a direct conversation, but I want to say something
a little off to the side. There you go: "aside". If that didn't clarify it, buy a dictionary.
[Laughs] But, you notice I have a little box, here? It's on the side. When you put aside
money, you have money here, you're going to take a little piece of the money and you're
going to put it over here; aside. You go: "Why? I thought saving up is what I do." Putting
money aside is a little different. When you put money aside, you're saving it for, usually,
a shorter period of time for something very specific. When I'm saving up money for a house,
it takes a long time to save that money up, maybe years. So I save up the money-doo, doo,
doo, doo, doo-until it grows; $1, $100, $10,000, $200,000, $500,000. I save it up and keep going.
When I put money aside, I might have $5, and I will take $1 and I will put it aside over
here. You go: "Why?" You know, later on I want to buy a chocolate bar with this dollar,
so I must take it from here and move it over here, and I will put it in my pocket, and
then later on I can buy my chocolate bar. I don't need to save for years, and days,
or months. I'm just saving it for a short period of time for something very specific.
So, maybe you have $100 and you and I are going out with Mr. E
for a drink, and I go: "Hey, put aside $20. We're
going to go for dinner after." Which means: Spend $80, no problem, but
save that $20 for dinner afterwards. That's what we mean by "putting money aside".
Save it for a short period of time for something specific; while "saving up money" means to
save for a long period of time for something very big. Cool? All right. So we've gone from just having
enough, and we've saved up our money. Okay? Now, what are we going to do? Well, usually,
you save it, you got to spend it, baby. All right? So we're going to spend some money.
Unfortunately, for most people, when you don't have a lot of money, spending money is not a
positive experience. In fact, there aren't that many idioms for saying: "I spent money
and I'm happy." Yay! Go check it out. People have a funny relationship with money. It's
usually negative. If they have a lot of it, they're protecting it; and if they don't have
enough, they're just scraping by. All right? Not so good. So, let's look at when we do spend money.
How do people talk about it? Well, we talk about spending money like this. "Fork". You
know how you have a knife and fork? Usually when you take your fork and you're eating,
you put the fork into something, and you put it in your mouth and it's gone. And the only
way you see it again is when it comes out again like poo0poo. Right? You get poo-poo,
which is not good. So, a lot of people see money, when they have to "fork over" money-okay?-is
they're giving that money and it's gone for good. Even if they want to have the thing,
they don't really want to spend the money. Okay? "Cough up". When I say: "I have to cough up
$10", think of a cat: "Meow, meow." They get hairballs-[gurgles and coughs]-and they cough
it up. If you ever look at the cat, the cat doesn't go: "Hehe!" It's usually like: "Ugh, that
was disgusting." [Laughs] For other people... For us, when we say: "Oh, man, do I have to
cough up another $20?" It means pay, and I don't want to pay. I don't like the hairball.
That's what it's called when a cat... A cat spits it out, it's a hairball. I
don't want to cough up the money. Finally: "shell", "shell out". Well, shells
are for protection. Right? Tortoise, shrimp has a soft shell, clams and mussels all have
shells, but they protect because they want to keep whatever's inside. A mussel, or a
clam, or a shrimp, or a tortoise, or a snail - they all want to keep themselves safe inside.
So they don't like being opened and something come out. So when you have to shell out money,
you literally have to take money and give it out, and you don't want to; you want to
protect it and keep it inside. Yeah, we have a funny relationship with money. For people
who love it so much, we don't like giving it away. Okay? So we talked about not having
enough, saving it, and then after we save it, like even buying that house, having
to spend it and how we think about it. What do we call it when you actually have
to go into your savings to spend something? Well, that's what we call "using savings",
and we have two ways of using our savings, just like we have two ways of saving up. And
one is short term and one is long term, okay? Kind of similar. When you have to "dip into"
your savings, it means to go into your saved money and take a little
bit out for something. "My car broke down last week, so
I had to dip into my savings." That means I took out some of the
money, maybe $100, and I left the rest of the money. I just took a little
bit, and I left the rest. So if I was saving up, I would save a lot, and then take a little
bit, but I would continue to go. So, dipping into your bank account or your savings account
is not great, but it's not bad. Maybe you dip in for $100, $10, $50 for dinner. You
dip into it, and you get out. Think about going into water. You go in for a dip, you go
in, you come back out. That's good. Right? You dip in the water. Dip for a quick swim,
come out. No harm done. Everything's okay. But when you "break into your savings", this
is not good. When I break into my savings, it's like, mm, trying to swim from Canada to
China. Huh? Well, when you break into your savings it means you have to keep going in
the savings and keep taking money out all the time. Imagine swimming from Canada to
China. It's a big, big distance. If you dip in, you're in for a long time. You're going to
have to keep swimming, if you want to survive, to get to China. So
when someone tells you: "I had to break into my savings because
my new place is too much money", it means all my money that was
up here that I was saving, I have to keep taking it down. I'm breaking
into my savings, and I really don't like it because my savings will disappear. So, the
difference between "dip" and "break": When you dip in, you go into the savings, take $5
out, come out, short; when you break into your savings, you keep taking it and taking
it and taking it until the money goes down. That's not so cool. All right. [Sighs] I talked about savings, I talked about
getting into your savings, I've talked about not having enough money, I've talked about
spending money. All these things are good because this is your money that you're using
in some way, but what about when you have to give money back to somebody you took it
from, like the bank or a friend? We call this: "Paying back a debt". Okay? So, when you have to pay
debts, there are two ways to pay off your debts. One is better than the other.
Let's take a look at it. When I "pay back a debt" it means
I have to give money back to you, but it doesn't necessarily
mean I'm going to finish it. When I'm paying back, like, for a
house or a car, it means I borrowed $1,000, I'm paying back maybe $100 a week,
it means I can keep paying again and again and again, but I am paying it, so the money
I gave... Came... I took from you was here, and as I pay it back, it goes down. Okay? That's
why sometimes you break into your savings to pay down your debts. Right? Or pay
back your debts. Both are reduced. So, "paying back" means reduction.
Okay? "Paying off a debt" means it's finished. I
paid off my Visa card. Done. Think of a light switch. You take off the lights, the lights
are off. Right? Finished. No more light. When you pay off a debt, I paid off my Visa - I
don't have to give them any more money, thank heavens, because I'm just scraping by as it is.
You know that I haven't saved up any money in a while, and I've had to dip into my savings
for the last two months. Cool? Notice how I used all of these phrasal verbs to talk about
money, and I never said the word "money" once, all right? If you've been paying attention and you've
been listening to what I've said, you can do the same thing that I just did, because
not have you just learned-one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten-
eleven phrasal verbs - you know how to use them and you understand them, so you can speak
like a native speaker. And just to test you on that, we're going to give you a short test in
a second or two, and see how well you learned. You ready? [Snaps] So, I sang that song: "Money, money, money,
it's so funny", well, it's actually serious business, boys and girls. And so serious, I'm
going to tell a story. Actually, no, you're going to help me with the story. We're going
to look at what you learned and see if you understand it, and if you do, you'll know
the answers to the story already, and some of you I think do. So, let's just check
it out and take a look. You ready? Oh, before I do, I just want to go through
a quick hint; something I think will help make your learning faster and easier for you,
and that will help you with phrasal verbs in the future. So, hint: When learning a new
verb, look at all its definitions. Sometimes when you open a dictionary... And I recommend
you get an English to English dictionary. At the beginning, maybe one that translates,
but then a dictionary that translates never really translates everything; it can't. A
language is too big, so you need the actual dictionary from the language. Once you open your English to English dictionary,
there will be definitions, like: "Up" or to... Let's say "wash", and you'll look: "Wash", and it'll
say: "Wash - to clean, or to erase, to clean oneself." And then it will say: "Wash up" and
that means wash up dishes, to clean up the dishes. "Wash out - it means to be
let go". Whoa, and all these phrasal verbs are there. Okay? Now, if you look at those
definitions and go down, you don't have to try to remember them, but... Read this part
with me. You may find a phrasal verb or two, as I just discussed with "wash" and "wash
up". Okay? If you pay attention, you will notice extra or hidden meanings of the verb
in the phrasal verb. When you see "wash", it means to clean. Okay? But when you say
"wash up" it means to clean to make better, improve. And a "washout" is someone who...
Well, it depends, actually. If you wash out the colour, the colour goes away, so it's not
even cleaning; it's getting rid of something you want. That's crazy, right? But that's a
hidden meaning of "wash", because it does mean to clean, and in doing so, it means something
might disappear that you want. Wow. "Wash" means disappear? No. It's a hidden meaning
that only comes out with phrasal verbs, but that will help you with other uses of "wash"
when you see it in the future. And that's just one example of using a phrasal verb to
truly understand a new verb that you're working on. Cool? Well, let's go to the board and work
on the phrasal verbs you've just learned, and these ones have to do with money.
So, finish the story. "Last week Mr. E's TV stopped working and he needed
to __________ __________ $400 for a new one." [Coughs] Sorry, just coughing. [Coughs] What do you think it is? Okay. Well, there were
two, but if you did this: "cough up", you are correct. Because, you know, his TV stopped working.
He didn't want to buy the new television; he liked his old one, but you do what you
need to do. So he had to cough up $400 for a new one. The story's not quite
finished yet, so let's go through it. "He had been __________
__________ for a new car." What do you think it is? That's right. A car is a lot of money;
$10, $20, $30,000, sometimes more, if you can afford it. In this case,
you know it's a lot of money, so it's not putting aside money; you'd be saving up money
because it would be for a lot of things. So you want to... "He had been saving up money
for a new car." So he was saving up. Okay? How about this part? "Mr. E had to __________ __________ his
savings to get the money for the new TV." Hmm. Well, it's kind of hot, so maybe I'll just go in
the pool afterwards, and just take a little... Did you say "dip into"? See? That's why I
like you, you're a good student. That's right. Like I took a dip into the
pool, he had to dip into his savings. Why? Think about it. When you dip in the
pool, you go in, you come back out. In this case, he needed $400. He was saving thousands of dollars for his
car, so he only needs to go in one time to take the money out to pay for the television.
So he dipped into his savings and took some money out. He's not going to do it regularly,
so he's not breaking the savings; he's just dipping in and coming back out. It's
unfortunate or too bad, but hey, this is life. Okay? Now let's finish this off. "It actually cost $500, so the next week he
had to __________ __________ on $20 a day." Hey, yo, E, get me a coffee while you're out?
It's all right. They're going to be a second. Oh, sorry, that's right, you said: "get",
that's right, he had to... Because you heard me, right? "Get by on $20 a day". Remember?
"Scraping by" is not have enough money. Clearly, if E has enough money for a car, he can take
more money, but he's getting by on $20 because it was unexpected it would be $100 more. But
he doesn't have a lot of money. $20 a day is not a lot. Even McDonald's cost 10.
[Laughs] So, let's read the
story all together. "Last week Mr. E's TV stopped working and
he needed to cough up $400 for a new one. He had been saving up
money for a new car. Mr. E had to dip into his savings
to get the money for the new TV. It actually cost $500, so the next week
he had to get by on $20 a day. The end." That's the end of the video, and if you want to
learn more phrasal verbs about money, living, cleaning up, a whole host of things or a lot
of things - you know where to go, don't you? Well, I'm going to send you there. Go to www.eng as
in English, vid as in video.com (www.engvid.com), where you can do the quiz to this particular
video, and find other videos on money, and other phrasal verbs and grammar
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